Cadmium Sulfate and its Hydrates. Heat Capacities and Heats of Hydration. Application of the Third Law of Thermodynamics1

1955 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 2740-2744 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Papadopoulos ◽  
W. F. Giauque



1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1193-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Shawki ◽  
S. N. Flengas ◽  
D. R. Sadoway

Enthalpy contents for NbCl5, TaCl5, RbNbCl6, CsNbCl6, RbTaCl6, and CsTaCl6 were measured as functions of temperature using a high temperature aluminum block drop calorimeter. It was found that the solid compounds RbNbCl6, CsNbCl6, RbTaCl6, and CsTaCl6 undergo allotropie solid–solid transformations and the enthalpies and entropies associated with these phase changes, as well as from fusion, have been evaluated.Molar heat capacities for the systems investigated are reported as linear functions of temperature.The molar heat capacities for solid and molten NbCl5 or TaCl5 were used together with available vapour pressure data to express enthalpies and free energies of vaporization for these compounds as functions of temperature through the third law calculation method. Keywords: calorimetry, heat capacities, transition enthalpies, niobium compounds, tantalum compounds.





2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Fullybright

Accurate quantification of biological resistance has been impossible so far. Among the various forms of biological resistance which exist in nature, pathogen resistance to drugs is a familiar one. However, as in the case of other forms of resistance, accurately quantifying drug resistance in pathogens has been impossible up to now. Here, we introduce a mathematically-defined and uniform procedure for the absolute quantification of biological resistance deployed by any living organism in the biological realm, including and beyond drug resistance in medicine. The scheme introduced makes possible the exact measurement or computation of the extent to which resistance is deployed by any living organism regardless of kingdom and regardless of the mechanism of resistance involved. Furthermore, the Second Law of Resistance indicating that resistance has the potential to increase to infinite levels, and the Third Law of Resistance indicating that resistance comes to an end once interaction stops, the resistance unit function introduced here is fully compatible with both the Second and Third Laws of Resistance.





Author(s):  
Dennis Sherwood ◽  
Paul Dalby

The Third Law was introduced in Chapter 9; this chapter develops the Third Law more fully, introducing absolute entropies, and examining how adiabatic demagnetisation can be used to approach the absolute zero of temperature.



1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 2368-2370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey S. Leff


1942 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Cross ◽  
Hartley C. Eckstrom


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