Electrical Conductances of Sodium Polystyrenesulfonate in 2-Ethoxyethanol (1) + Water (2) Mixed Solvent Media in the Presence of Sodium Chloride at (308.15, 313.15, 318.15, and 323.15) K

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 2108-2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit De ◽  
Bijan Das
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Sodium Polystyrenesulfonate ◽  
Electrical Conductances

Prediction of Dissociation Constants of Ammonium Ion in 20 Mass % Ethanol + Water Mixed Solvent Solutions Containing Sodium Chloride

1997 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1372-1375
Author(s):  
Masunobu Maeda ◽  
Chisako Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Glass Electrode ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Pitzer Equations ◽  
Transpiration Method

Abstract Dissociation constants of amonium ion (Ka= [H +][NH3]/[NH4+], where [ ] denotes the con­centration) in 20 mass % ethanol + water mixtures with different concentrations of sodium chloride were determined by means of a glass electrode. The dissociation constants in pKa units (on molarity and molality bases) increase linearly with increasing ionic strength. Activ­ity coefficients of ammonia in the ethanol + water mixtures were determined by a transpiration method. The observed dissociation constants on the molality scale were compared with those calculated from the Pitzer equations modified on the basis of the principles of corre­sponding states. The observed values agreed with the calculated ones almost within experi­mental uncertainties.

The Comprehensive Utilization of Waste Water Derived from the Glyphosate Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2051-2054
Author(s):  
Zhong Xu Dai ◽  
Fa Hua Li ◽  
Zhao Hong Gong ◽  
Quan Bin Liao
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Mother Liquor ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Extraction Agent

The glyphosate solution, sodium chloride and phosphate solid are separated concurrently by using different mixed solvent extraction processing from glyphosate production wastewater. Among them, ethanol-acetone is the best solvent extraction agent. In glyphosate solution after treatment, glyphosate content is 6.14 %, meanwhile, the content of sodium chloride and phosphate is rather low. So, it can be used as glyphosate agent production. The content of sodium chloride is up to 98 % after recrystallization, which can be as the raw material of chlor-alkai production. When the mother liquor of recrystallization combined with the original wastewater, the glyphosate can be close to the maximum recovery.

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