Lewis acid catalyzed polymerization of L-lactide. Kinetics and mechanism of the bulk polymerization

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 6419-6424 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Nijenhuis ◽  
D. W. Grijpma ◽  
A. J. Pennings
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Bulk Polymerization ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Catalyzed Polymerization

The molecular structure of (R,S)-[Al6But6(μ3-O)4{μ3-O2CCH2C(H)(Me)O}2]: evidence for the latent Lewis acid catalyzed polymerization of (R,S)-β-butyrolactone

1997 ◽  
pp. 2183-2184 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jeff Harlan ◽  
Andrew R. Barron ◽  
C. Jeff Harlan ◽  
Simon G. Bott ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Catalyzed Polymerization

Catalytic Carbonyl-Olefin Metathesis of Aliphatic Ketones: Iron(III) HomoDimers as Lewis Acidic Superelectrophiles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley Albright ◽  
Paul S. Riehl ◽  
Christopher C. McAtee ◽  
Jolene P. Reid ◽  
Jacob R. Ludwig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Olefin Metathesis ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Lewis Acid Catalysts ◽  
Distinct Mode ◽  
Aliphatic Ketones ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
Metathesis Reactions ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

<div>Catalytic carbonyl-olefin metathesis reactions have recently been developed as a powerful tool for carbon-carbon bond</div><div>formation. However, currently available synthetic protocols rely exclusively on aryl ketone substrates while the corresponding aliphatic analogs remain elusive. We herein report the development of Lewis acid-catalyzed carbonyl-olefin ring-closing metathesis reactions for aliphatic ketones. Mechanistic investigations are consistent with a distinct mode of activation relying on the in situ formation of a homobimetallic singly-bridged iron(III)-dimer as the active catalytic species. These “superelectrophiles” function as more powerful Lewis acid catalysts that form upon association of individual iron(III)-monomers. While this mode of Lewis acid activation has previously been postulated to exist, it has not yet been applied in a catalytic setting. The insights presented are expected to enable further advancement in Lewis acid catalysis by building upon the activation principle of “superelectrophiles” and broaden the current scope of catalytic carbonyl-olefin metathesis reactions.</div>

scholarly journals Comparison of Corn Stover Pretreatments with Lewis Acid Catalyzed Choline Chloride, Glycerol and Choline Chloride-Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvent

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1170
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhu ◽  
Benkun Qi ◽  
Xinquan Liang ◽  
Jianquan Luo ◽  
Yinhua Wan
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Glycerol Solution ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Biomass Processing ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Highly Correlated

Herein, corn stover (CS) was pretreated by less corrosive lewis acid FeCl3 acidified solutions of neat and aqueous deep eutectic solvent (DES), aqueous ChCl and glycerol at 120 °C for 4 h with single FeCl3 pretreatment as control. It was unexpected that acidified solutions of both ChCl and glycerol were found to be more efficient at removing lignin and xylan, leading to higher enzymatic digestibility of pretreated CS than acidified DES. Comparatively, acidified ChCl solution exhibited better pretreatment performance than acidified glycerol solution. In addition, 20 wt% water in DES dramatically reduced the capability of DES for delignification and xylan removal and subsequent enzymatic cellulose saccharification of pretreated CS. Correlation analysis showed that enzymatic saccharification of pretreated CS was highly correlated to delignification and cellulose crystallinity, but lowly correlated to xylan removal. Recyclability experiments of different acidified pretreatment solutions showed progressive decrease in the pretreatment performance with increasing recycling runs. After four cycles, the smallest decrease in enzymatic cellulose conversion (22.07%) was observed from acidified neat DES pretreatment, while the largest decrease (43.80%) was from acidified ChCl pretreatment. Those findings would provide useful information for biomass processing with ChCl, glycerol and ChCl-glycerol DES.

Synthesis of Medium-Sized Carbocycles via a Bidentate Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Inverse Electron-Demand Diels–Alder Reaction Followed by Photoinduced Ring-Opening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Ruhl ◽  
Sebastian Ahles ◽  
Marcel A. Strauss ◽  
Christopher M. Leonhardt ◽  
Hermann A. Wegner
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Inverse Electron Demand ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Electron Demand

scholarly journals Metal-Free Catalysts for the Polymerization of Alkynyl-Based Monomers

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Zhiming Zhang ◽  
Fulin Yang ◽  
Haoke Zhang ◽  
Jingzhi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
Material Sciences ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

Novel polymerizations based on alkyne monomers are becoming a powerful tool to construct polymers with unique structures and advanced functions in the areas of polymer and material sciences, and scientists have been attracted to develop a variety of novel polymerizations in recent decades. Therein, catalytic systems play an indispensable role in the influence of polymerization efficiencies and the performances of the resultant polymers. Concerning the shortcomings of metallic catalysts, much of the recent research focus has been on metal-free polymerization systems. In this paper, metal-free catalysts are classified and the corresponding polymerizations are reviewed, including organobase-catalyzed polymerizations, Lewis-acid-catalyzed polymerizations, as well as catalyst-free polymerizations. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives in this area are also briefly discussed.

A computational investigation of the selectivity and mechanism of the Lewis acid catalyzed oxa‐Diels–Alder cycloaddition of substituted diene with benzaldehyde

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmalek Khorief Nacereddine ◽  
Lynda Merzoud ◽  
Christophe Morell ◽  
Henry Chermette
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Computational Investigation ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

Monoradically luminescent polymers by a super acid-catalyzed polymerization and deep-red electroluminescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1214-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kebin An ◽  
Guohua Xie ◽  
Shaolong Gong ◽  
Zhanxiang Chen ◽  
Xiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luminescent Polymers ◽  
Super Acid ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Catalyzed Polymerization

Lewis Acid Catalyzed [3+2] Annulations of γ-Butyrolactam-Fused Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Aromatic Aldehydes and Aldimines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiying Su ◽  
Huimin Li ◽  
Wenlong Chen ◽  
Gen Luo ◽  
Gaosheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

Lewis-Acid-Catalyzed Direct Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction of Alcohols for the Functionalization of Aromatic Amines

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1371-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onkar S. Nayal ◽  
Maheshwar S. Thakur ◽  
Rohit Rana ◽  
Rahul Upadhyay ◽  
Sushil K. Maurya
Keyword(s):  
Nucleophilic Substitution ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Substitution Reaction ◽  
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction ◽  
Acid Catalyzed
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