Increasing backscattered light from the stratospheric aerosol layer after Mt. El Chichon Eruption laser radar measurement at Nagoya (35°N, 137°E)

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 440-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Iwasaka ◽  
Sachiko Hayashida ◽  
Akira Ono
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Laser Radar ◽  
Aerosol Layer ◽  
Radar Measurement ◽  
El Chichón ◽  
El Chichon

scholarly journals Simultaneous Multiple Wavelength Laser Radar Measurement of the Stratospheric Aerosol Layer

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Iwasaka ◽  
Hiroshi Fukunishi ◽  
Takeo Hirasawa ◽  
Ryoichi Fujii ◽  
Hiroshi Miyaoka
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Laser Radar ◽  
Aerosol Layer ◽  
Radar Measurement ◽  
Multiple Wavelength

Mid-latitude stratospheric aerosol layer enhancement by El Chichon: The first year

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Michalsky ◽  
B. M. Herman ◽  
N. R. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
First Year ◽  
Aerosol Layer ◽  
El Chichón ◽  
El Chichon

scholarly journals Effect of volcanic aerosol on stratospheric NO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> from 2002–2014 as measured by Odin-OSIRIS and Envisat-MIPAS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristen Adams ◽  
Adam E. Bourassa ◽  
Chris A. McLinden ◽  
Chris E. Sioris ◽  
Thomas von Clarmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Volcanic Aerosol ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
El Chichón ◽  
El Chichon

Abstract. Following the large volcanic eruptions of Pinatubo in 1991 and El Chichón in 1982, decreases in stratospheric NO2 associated with enhanced aerosol were observed. The Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer (OSIRIS) likewise measured widespread enhancements of stratospheric aerosol following seven volcanic eruptions between 2002 and 2014, although the magnitudes of these eruptions were all much smaller than the Pinatubo and El Chichón eruptions. In order to isolate and quantify the relationship between volcanic aerosol and NO2, NO2 anomalies were calculated using measurements from OSIRIS and the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS). In the tropics, variability due to the quasi-biennial oscillation was subtracted from the timeseries. OSIRIS profile measurements indicate that the strongest relationships between NO2 and volcanic aerosol extinction were for the layer ~ 3–7 km above the tropopause, where OSIRIS stratospheric NO2 partial columns for ~ 3–7 km above the tropopause were found to be smaller than baseline levels during these aerosol enhancements by up to ~ 60 % with typical Pearson correlation coefficients of R ~ −0.7. MIPAS also observed decreases in NO2 partial columns during periods of affected by volcanic aerosol, with percent differences of up to ~ 25 %. An even stronger relationship was observed between OSIRIS aerosol optical depth and MIPAS N2O5 partial columns, with R ~ −0.9, although no link with MIPAS HNO3 was observed. The variation of OSIRIS NO2 with increasing aerosol was found to be quantitatively consistent with simulations from a photochemical box model in terms of both magnitude and degree of non-linearity.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENT OF THE SULFURIC ACID WEIGHT PERCENT IN THE STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOL FROM THE EL CHICHÓN ERUPTION

1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-320
Author(s):  
D. J. HOFMANN ◽  
J. M. ROSEN
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
El Chichón ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
El Chichon

Durante un descenso lento de bal6n desde los 30 km de altitud sobre el sureste de Texas en octubre de 1982, el tubo de entrada a un contador de partículas capaz de medir las concentraciones de aerosol de r ≥ 0.15 µm y r ≥ 0.25 µm fue calentado a 150°C, permitiendo su enfriamiento periódico para determinar la volatilidad del aerosol. Al hacerse la medición, el aerosol inyectado por El Chichón se caracterizaba por dos capas principales centradas a alrededor de 17 y 24 km. La capa superior contenía partículas más grandes (radio modal principal de ~0.3 µm, comparado con ~0.1 µm en la capa inferior). Al calentarlo, el aerosol indicaba una concentración de ~1% de los valores ambientales, sugiriendo que la mayoría de las partículas eran muy volátiles o tenían cubierta muy volátil con núcleos posiblemente no volátiles, de radios < 0.15µm. La distribución vertical del componente restante no volátil podía ser resuelta. Observando la temperatura a la cual podía suprimirse la mayor parte del aerosol (punto de vaporización) a varias altitudes (presiones), se construyó una curva de presión de vapor. Los resultados indican que el material volátil en la capa superior consistía en ~80% H2S04 - 20% H2O (por peso) mientras que la capa inferior consistía en un 60 - 65% de aerosol ácido. Esta diferencia es debida principalmente a las temperaturas más altas en la capa superior. Los porcentajes de ácido sulfúrico medidos en peso concuerdan bien con los valores te6ricos según fueron calculados para las temperaturas observadas y las concentraciones típicas del vapor de agua.

Stratospheric aerosol mass content estimated by lidar after El Chichón eruptions

1989 ◽  
Vol 94 (D7) ◽  
pp. 9909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Paolo Gobbi ◽  
Alberto Adriani ◽  
Fernando Congeduti
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Mass Content ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
El Chichón ◽  
El Chichon
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