Genotoxic Effects of the Alkaloids Harman and Harmine Assessed by Comet Assay and Chromosome Aberration Test in Mammalian Cells in vitro

2001 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Boeira ◽  
Juliana Da Silva ◽  
Bernardo Erdtmann ◽  
João A. P. Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Chromosome Aberration Test

Genotoxicity Studies on Sel-Plex®, a Standardized, Registered High-Selenium Yeast

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Griffiths ◽  
Ray A. Matulka ◽  
Ronan Power
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Selenium Yeast ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
High Selenium ◽  
Chromosome Aberration Test

Selenium, recognized as an essential nutrient for human health, is a component of proteins and enzymes required for various biological functions and is currently being used as a feed supplement for livestock in geographical areas that are naturally low in selenium. Selenium is structurally similar to sulfur, replacing the sulfur atom in stoichiometric amounts and thus functions through an association with proteins, termed selenoproteins. In geographic areas low in selenium, there is the potential for animals (including humans) to become selenium deficient and this potential deficiency can be remedied by consumption of exogenous selenium, including selenium-enriched yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae) that contains high levels of organic selenium (e.g., selenized yeast). A unique, standardized, registered high selenium food-grade baker’s yeast ( S. cerevisiae; Sel-Plex®), was tested in the following battery of Genotoxicity assays; (1) a bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames test); (2) an in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test; and (3) a mouse micronucleus test. Under the conditions of this assay, Sel-Plex® showed no evidence of mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium, in the bacterial reverse mutation test. Sel-Plex® did not induce significant chromosomal aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes in the in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test. Sel-Plex® did not statistically increase the frequency or proportion of micronucleated immature erythrocytes in the mouse micronucleus test. Thus, from the studies presented here, the authors conclude that Sel-Plex® is nongenotoxic.

Genotoxicity evaluation of dental restoration nanocomposite using comet assay and chromosome aberration test

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 015105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marahaini Musa ◽  
Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj ◽  
Dasmawati Mohamad ◽  
Ismail Ab Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Chromosome Aberration Test

scholarly journals In vitro cytotoxic and non-genotoxic effects of gutta-percha solvents on mouse lymphoma cells by single cell gel (comet) assay

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Araki Ribeiro ◽  
Mariângela Esther Alencar Marques ◽  
Daisy Maria Fávero Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion Test ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Mouse Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Mouse Lymphoma

Chloroform and eucalyptol are widely used in clinical dentistry as gutta-percha solvents. However, these compounds may represent a hazard to human health, especially by causing injury to genetic apparatus and/or inducing cellular death. In this study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic potentials associated with exposure to chloroform and eucalyptol were assessed on mouse lymphoma cells in vitro by the single cell gel (comet) assay and trypan blue exclusion test, respectively. Both gutta-percha solvents proved to be cytotoxic at the same levels in concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10 muL/mL (p<0.05). On the other hand, neither of the solvents induced DNA breakage. Taken together, these results suggest that although both tested compounds (chloroform and eucalyptol) are strong cytotoxicants, it seems that they are not likely to increase the level of DNA damage on mammalian cells.

Nicotine derived genotoxic effects in human primary parotid gland cells as assessed in vitro by comet assay, cytokinesis-block micronucleus test and chromosome aberrations test

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 838-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Ginzkey ◽  
Gudrun Steussloff ◽  
Christian Koehler ◽  
Marc Burghartz ◽  
Agmal Scherzed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Gland Cells

Genotoxic effects of the drinking water mutagen 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2[5H]-furanone (MX) in mammalian cells in vitro and in rats in vivo

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Brunborg ◽  
Jørn A. Holme ◽  
Erik J. Søderlund ◽  
Jan K. Hongslo ◽  
Terttu Vartiainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Genotoxic Effects

scholarly journals In vitro genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in murine fibroblasts exposed to EDTA, NaOCl, MTAD and citric acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Soares Roter Marins ◽  
Luciana Moura Sassone ◽  
Sandra Rivera Fidel ◽  
Daniel Araki Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of some root canal irrigants to induce genetic damage and/or cellular death in vitro. Murine fibroblast cells were exposed to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), MTAD™ and citric acid in increasing concentrations for 3 h at 37ºC. The negative control group was treated with vehicle control (phosphate buffer solution - PBS) for 3 h at 37°C, and the positive control group was treated with methylmetanesulfonate, 1 μM. for 3 h at 37°C. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the trypan blue test and genotoxicity was evaluated by the single cell gel (comet) assay. The results showed that exposure to 2.5% and 5% NaOCl and 8.5% citric acid resulted in a significant cytotoxic effect. NaOCl, EDTA and citric acid did not produce genotoxic effects with respect to the comet assay data for all evaluated concentrations. Although MTAD was not a cytotoxic agent, it showed significant genotoxic effects at all tested concentrations (ANOVA and Tukey's test; p<0.05). NaOCl, EDTA and citric acid were found to be cytotoxic in a dose-dependent manner, but they were not genotoxic. MTAD did not cause cell death, but presented genotoxic effects.

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