First graders' cognitive representation of number and understanding of place value: Cross-national comparisons: France, Japan, Korea, Sweden, and the United States.

Cross-national comparisons of mathematics achievement have shown differences in favour of Asian students. This study examined the idea that the superior mathematics performance of students from Japan, Korea, and China may be due, in part, to differences in cognitive representation of number that is affected by numerical language characteristics differentiating Asian and non-Asian language groups. First-graders from the People's Republic of China, Japan, Korea, France, Sweden, and the United States were asked to construct various numbers using Base 10 blocks. Chinese, Japanese, and Korean children showed a preference for using a construction of tens and ones to show numbers; place value appeared to be clearly represented in those constructions. French, Swedish, and US children, in contrast, showed a preference for using a collection of units, suggesting that they represent number as a grouping of counted objects. More Asianlanguage speakers than non-Asian-language speakers were also able to make two correct constructions for each number, which suggests greater flexibility of mental number manipulation. Thus, the unique characteristics of the Asian number language system may facilitate the teaching and learning of mathematics, especially computation, for speakers of those languages.

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Identity, Intimacy, and Collectivism: A Cross-National Comparison of India and the United States

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e649202012-001 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Garima Jhingon ◽

Shengnan Li ◽

Steven L. Berman

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

National Comparison ◽

Cross National

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Cross-National Comparison of School Victimization Between Canada and the United States

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e700452007-001 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Ian J. Cohen ◽

Christine Ateah ◽

Joseph Ducette ◽

Matthew Mahon ◽

Alexander Tabori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

National Comparison ◽

School Victimization ◽

Cross National

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Brazil is my cousin, the U.S. has parks: Children’s construction of Brazil and the United States in a bilingual education program

Global Studies of Childhood ◽

10.1177/20436106211000759 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 204361062110007

Author(s):

Mariana Lima Becker ◽

Gabrielle Oliveira ◽

Virginia Alex

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Social Relationships ◽

First Graders ◽

The United States ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Institutional Expectations ◽

Material Goods ◽

English Classroom ◽

Construction Of Place ◽

The U.S

Drawing from a 3-year ethnographic project in one elementary school in the United States, this article examines how a group of 43 first graders perceived and constructed Brazil and the U.S. during a drawing and writing activity in their bilingual (Portuguese-English) classroom. The majority of the participating children (81.4%) either migrated from Brazil to the U.S. or were born in the U.S. of Brazilian parents. Data analysis reveals that Brazil was frequently portrayed as an idyllic landscape that included several relatives and friends and a range of activities with loved ones, while the U.S. involved immediate family members, material goods, and places for leisure. Grounded in a relational understanding of place and placemaking, we argue that the children engaged in a range of place-based moves to construct Brazil and the United States during the activity. These acts of placemaking included evocations of transnational memories, ongoing activities and aspirations, social relationships, and local institutional expectations, particularly the school curriculum and teachers’ discourse about Brazil. The findings suggest that immigrant children’s construction of place is multifaceted, dynamic, and situated.

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Family caregiving and place of death: Insights from cross-national analysis of the Harmonized End of Life Data

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbaa225 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer Ailshire ◽

Margarita Osuna ◽

Jenny Wilkens ◽

Jinkook Lee

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Older Adults ◽

Nursing Home ◽

End Of Life ◽

Family Caregiving ◽

The United States ◽

Place Of Death ◽

Life Data ◽

Cross National ◽

At Home

Abstract Objectives Family is largely overlooked in research on factors associated with place of death among older adults. We determine if family caregiving at the end of life is associated with place of death in the United States and Europe. Methods We use the Harmonized End of Life data sets developed by the Gateway to Global Aging Data for the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We conducted multinomial logistic regression on 7,113 decedents from 18 European countries and 3,031 decedents from the United States to determine if family caregiving, defined based on assistance with activities of daily living, was associated with death at home versus at a hospital or nursing home. Results Family caregiving was associated with reduced odds of dying in a hospital and nursing home, relative to dying at home in both the United States and Europe. Care from a spouse/partner or child/grandchild was both more common and more strongly associated with place of death than care from other relatives. Associations between family caregiving and place of death were generally consistent across European welfare regimes. Discussion This cross-national examination of family caregiving indicates that family-based support is universally important in determining where older adults die. In both the United States and in Europe, most care provided during a long-term illness or disability is provided by family caregivers, and it is clear families exert tremendous influence on place of death.

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