A cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behavior: Role of automatic and nonautomatic processes.

1990 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Tiffany
Author(s):  
Ian P. Albery ◽  
Dinkar Sharma ◽  
Asli Niazi ◽  
Antony C. Moss

This chapter explores the role of cognition and cognitive biases in the understanding of concepts related to addiction, such as craving, from a number of theoretical stances. These include the dual-affect model, incentive sensitization theory, social learning and expectancy approaches, and finally the cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behaviour. It also explores methodologies and research methods that have been used to test these various cognitive accounts of addictive behaviour.


1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara M. Bradiua ◽  
Stephen A. Lisman ◽  
David G. Payne

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jackson ◽  
M. Dykeman ◽  
J. Gahagan ◽  
J. Karabanow ◽  
J. Parker

Author(s):  
Marek A. Motyka ◽  
Ahmed Al-Imam

Drug use has been increasing worldwide over recent decades. Apart from the determinants of drug initiation established in numerous studies, the authors wish to draw attention to other equally important factors, which may contribute to augmenting this phenomenon. The article aims to draw attention to the content of mass culture, especially representations of drug use in mass media, which may influence the liberalization of attitudes towards drugs and their use. The role of mass culture and its impact on the audience is discussed. It presents an overview of drug representations in the content of mass culture, e.g., in film, music, literature, and the occurrence of drug references in everyday products, e.g., food, clothes, and cosmetics. Attention was drawn to liberal attitudes of celebrities and their admissions to drug use, particularly to the impact of the presented positions on the attitudes of the audience, especially young people for whom musicians, actors, and celebrities are regarded as authorities. Indications for further preventive actions were also presented. Attention was drawn to the need to take appropriate action due to the time of the COVID-19 pandemic when many people staying at home (due to lockdown or quarantine) have the possibility of much more frequent contact with mass culture content, which may distort the image of drugs.


2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Cerdá ◽  
Melissa Tracy ◽  
Brisa N. Sánchez ◽  
Sandro Galea

Author(s):  
Hugo Cogo-Moreira ◽  
Julia D. Gusmões ◽  
Juliana Y. Valente ◽  
Michael Eid ◽  
Zila M. Sanchez

AbstractThe present study investigated how intervention might alter the relationship between perpetrating violence and later drug use. A cluster-randomized controlled trial design involving 72 schools (38 intervention, 34 control) and 6390 students attending grades 7 and 8 was employed in Brazil. Drug use and violence were assessed at three points. A random-intercept cross-lagged panel model examined the reciprocal association between drug use and school violence domains across the three data collection waves. For both groups, we found that the cross-lagged effect of perpetration on further drug use in adolescents was stronger than the reverse, but the interrelationship was not statistically significant between #Tamojunto and control schools. The carry-over effects of drug use and violence were also not significantly different between groups. There is a lack of evidence showing that #Tamojunto can modify the dynamics between drug use and school violence across the 21-month period. The direction of the causal effect (i.e., the more perpetration behavior, the more subsequent drug use behavior) is present, but weak in both groups. The trial registration protocol at the national Brazilian Register of Clinical Trials (REBEC) is #RBR-4mnv5g.


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