A study of selfie-taking in professional college students

: Advances in technology are leading to a new way of addictive behaviour in humankind. One among them is clicking selfies. This is leading to a lot of worries in the researcher that, considering this with association with psychological changes which are being labeled as a particular disease or disorder. Even though many have concluded that excessive use is a psychological disorder. Here it's an attempt to see the selfie clicking behaviour in students. : All the students of the professional colleagues who are above 18 years of age and having smartphones were briefed about the study. And only those individuals willing to be a part of the study and gave consent were included in this study. Questionnaires were designed and validated before giving the forms to the students. Anonymities of these participants are well maintained and kept confidential.: Study participants have answered all the questionnaires and the majority of them were answering that they are clicking selfies definitely in less than a month from the last selfie. Reasons quoted for these are getting ready and send the location to other family or friends. And it also included the group who even taken these selfies to check the quality of the camera in their smartphone. Clicking selfies is a routine event for the study participants in our study.However there was no psychological precipitating factor in these individuals; taking selfies within a month fromthe previous selfie, and informing the other folks about their status was attributed to information sharing about the status. However, the participants mentioned that the quality of the smart phone camera was one of the reasons why they were clicking these selfies.

Daily and Non-daily Smokers: A Profile of Drive and Cognitive Control Mechanisms

Historically, smokers were considered a single homogeneous group, but over the past two decades research has increasingly focused on differentiating daily and non-daily smokers. Despite fundamentally different smoking habits and motives, daily and non-daily smokers have similar cessation rates. In order to understand why both groups may experience a similar difficulty quitting smoking, this thesis explored neurocognitive mechanisms associated with addictive behaviour. In order to profile these mechanisms, a systematic review was conducted, highlighting there was a gap to address in two areas of research relating to drive and control. Study One (N = 60) and Study Two (N = 166) investigated attentional bias towards smoking cues using the visual probe task, finding there was no meaningful difference between daily and non-daily smokers in trait-level attentional bias. Study Three (N = 28) measured ERP components associated with inhibitory control (Go/NoGo task) and error processing (Eriksen Flanker task). There were no significant effects of interest, but the sample size was smaller than planned. This thesis made three contributions to the study of addictive behaviour. First, the systematic review highlighted that research investigating lighter and heavier smokers has a problematic level of heterogeneity in the definitions used to define the groups. Second, there was no meaningful difference in attentional bias between daily and non-daily smokers, supporting contemporary theories that attentional bias may be best conceptualised as a state-level construct. Finally, internal consistency estimates of the ERP measures of inhibitory control and error processing supported previous research reporting good psychometric properties. Overall, this thesis presented a focused profile of measures relating to drive and control neurocognitive mechanisms, but there were no meaningful differences between daily and non-daily smokers. If these mechanisms are important to addictive behaviour, future research will have to investigate their role using alternative designs.

Group psychological counselling as a form of prevention of adolescent addictive behaviour

This article provides an analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the concept of “adolescent addictive behaviour,” summarises its scientific understanding, and outlines the mechanisms of the emergence of addictive behaviour and psychological characteristics of adolescents exhibiting addictive behaviour. The study presents a review of modern research on the problems of Internet-, food-, and alcohol addictions. The review includes Russian, Kazakh and international literature on the psychological prevention of adolescent addictive behaviour. The concept of the “psychological prevention of adolescent addictive behaviour” is disclosed, and the principles and objectives of preventive work with adolescents prone to addictive behaviour are defined. A set of diagnostic techniques is proposed to study the predilection of adolescents to addictive behaviour. The article reveals the content and effectiveness of the programme for the psychological prevention of adolescents’ predisposition to addictive behaviour by means of group psychological counselling. The authors describe the course of experimental work on the study of adolescents’ predisposition to addictive behaviour, present the testing of the developed psychological programme, and demonstrate the effectiveness of adolescents’ group counselling to prevent their addictive behaviour. The results of the study confirm the authors’ hypothesis that the use of group forms of psychological counselling is effective in psychological prevention, as it relies on the activity of adolescents. The results of the study contribute to the development of preventive pedagogy and psychology, and the improvement of the modern system of anti-alcohol and anti-drug education of adolescents. The study findings can be also used in educational institutions in advisory and remedial work with adolescents.

Developing a mHealth Routine Outcome Monitoring and Feedback App (“SMART Track”) to Support Self-Management of Addictive Behaviours

Background: Routine outcome monitoring (ROM) has been implemented across a range of addiction treatment services, settings and organisations. Mutual support groups are a notable exception. Innovative solutions are needed. SMART Track is a purpose built smartphone app designed to capture ROM data and provide tailored feedback to adults attending Australian SMART Recovery groups for addictive behaviour(s).Objective: Details regarding the formative stage of app development is essential, but often neglected. Improved consideration of the end-user is vital for curtailing app attrition and enhancing engagement. This paper provides a pragmatic example of how principles embedded in published frameworks can be operationalised to address these priorities during the design and development of the SMART Track app.Methods: Three published frameworks for creating digital health technologies (“Person-Based Approach,” “BIT” Model and IDEAS framework) were integrated and applied across two stages of research to inform the development, design and content of SMART Track. These frameworks were chosen to ensure that SMART Track was informed by the needs and preferences of the end-user (“Person-Based”); best practise recommendations for mHealth development (“BIT” Model) and a collaborative, iterative development process between the multi-disciplinary research team, app developers and end-users (IDEAS framework).Results: Stage one of the research process generated in-depth knowledge to inform app development, including a comprehensive set of aims (clinical, research/organisation, and usage); clear articulation of the target behaviour (self-monitoring of recovery related behaviours and experiences); relevant theory (self-determination and social control); appropriate behavioural strategies (e.g., behaviour change taxonomy and process motivators) and key factors that may influence engagement (e.g., transparency, relevance and trust). These findings were synthesised into guiding principles that were applied during stage two in an iterative approach to app design, content and development.Conclusions: This paper contributes new knowledge on important person-centred and theoretical considerations that underpin a novel ROM and feedback app for people with addictive behaviour(s). Although person-centred design and best-practise recommendations were employed, further research is needed to determine whether this leads to improved usage outcomes.Clinical Trial Registration: Pilot Trial: http://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=377336.

THE PHENOMENON OF INTERNET ADDICTION AS THE MAIN DETERMINANT OF PATHOLOGICAL CULTURE IN THE GLOBALIZATION ENVIRONMENT

The purpose of the article: to find out the consequences of globalization processes that provoked a cultural crisis with the help of Internet networks, distorting the worldview and value orientations of the population . Applied research methods: the method of abstraction is used. Abstraction exists in organic unity with the method of generalization, theoretical-problem method and system-structural analysis. Such behavioural manifestations as neglect of established norms, isolation, anxiety, depressive states, deviant and addictive behaviour are characteristic of a marginal personality. These social factors provoke intra-personal conflicts and deep anxiety caused by the feeling of helplessness in the face of the hostile surrounding world. Besides, these crises encompass «the problem of the absurdity of one’s life, as well as doubts about the entire previous value system». Nowadays, there is a rapid development of addictive behaviour around the world, as evidenced by the constant increase in national and international research on this phenomenon. There emerge new types of addictive behaviour caused by the complexity of the social environment (the emergence of consumer culture and the technical development of communication links), namely, informatization and consumerism. New types of addictive behaviour are beginning to compete with new types, such as gaming and computer addiction. Researchers around the world are sounding the alarm about the deepening problem of Internet addiction among young people since the main danger is that a pathological addiction to the Internet can lead to serious consequences and depression. Concerning new types of addictive behaviour, traditional forms and means of social control have become helpless and ineffective.

COMPLEX MEDICAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL SUPPORT OF PARTICIPANTS OF COMBAT

Introduction. This work provides the results of author’s own research which are based on the analysis of characteristics of the post-stress personality disorders (PSD) taking into account the comorbid addictive behaviour among military personnel.During the study, it was found with PSD, the most pronounced addictions are cannabinoid, alcoholic and psychostimulants dependencies. Taking into account the tendency to increase number of people with psychopathological disorders and addictive behaviour manifestations in the modern Ukraine, the problem of prevention, treatment and support of people who were in the ATO area is acute now.Goal. Determination of markers of medical, psychological and social support.Research methods: theoretical, socio-demographic, clinical and psychopathological, psychodiagnostic, follow-up, clinical and anamnestic, statistical.Results. In order to develop a model of pharmacotherapy for this group of persons, during the 2014-2018 years, 219 people were examined at the age from 21 to 56 years, of which 18 persons were not included in the study according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of surveyed people (201 persons), 59 people were diagnosed with PSD, including 32 people with comorbid adductions.We carried out a screening diagnostic assessment of the needs of servicemen, during which we identified the main requests for the need for corrective measures, their attitude and desire to take part in an experimental program to restore normal social life and restore normal life. According to the results of the study, it was found that the spectrum of needs covers all three spheres of a person’s life: biological, psychological and social. It was possible to identify the main targets of psychotherapy and draw up a plan of the main activities. The general goal of psychocorrectional measures for each of the studied groups was the restoration of normal processes of life of the individual and the restoration of normal social interaction.Conclusions. The developed measures gave us the opportunity to effectively influence all links of pathogenesis, based on the biopsychosocial model of addiction. In the process of treatment, taking into account the recommendations of the MOH on the treatment of military personnel, were improved certain stages of pharmacotherapy as the basis for further active psychosocial and psychosocial support, which will create the basis for the normalization of their livelihoods and the possibility of military-professional recovery.