Classification of mental diseases—Organic psychoses and epilepsy.

2011 ◽  
pp. 236-277
Author(s):  
Roy M. Dorcus ◽  
G. Wilson Shaffer
2011 ◽  
pp. 201-220
Author(s):  
Roy M. Dorcus ◽  
G. Wilson Shaffer

2007 ◽  
pp. 257-303
Author(s):  
Roy M. Dorcus ◽  
G. Wilson Shaffer

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cooper ◽  
R. K. Blashfield

The DSM-I is currently viewed as a psychoanalytic classification, and therefore unimportant. There are four reasons to challenge the belief that DSM-I was a psychoanalytic system. First, psychoanalysts were a minority on the committee that created DSM-I. Second, psychoanalysts of the time did not use DSM-I. Third, DSM-I was as infused with Kraepelinian concepts as it was with psychoanalytic concepts. Fourth, contemporary writers who commented on DSM-I did not perceive it as psychoanalytic. The first edition of the DSM arose from a blending of concepts from the Statistical Manual for the Use of Hospitals of Mental Diseases, the military psychiatric classifications developed during World War II, and the International Classification of Diseases (6th edition). As a consensual, clinically oriented classification, DSM-I was popular, leading to 20 printings and international recognition. From the perspective inherent in this paper, the continuities between classifications from the first half of the 20th century and the systems developed in the second half (e.g. DSM-III to DSM-5) become more visible.


2012 ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
A. Ross Diefendorf
Keyword(s):  

1876 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
J. R. Gasquet

The disheartening aphorism, in which Hippocrates summed up the experience of his life—“Art is long and life is short, the occasion is fleeting, experiment is dangerous, and judgment is difficult”—is more true of the study of insanity than of any other department of medicine. Were any proof needed of this, it would be sufficient to point to the classification of mental diseases, the symptomatological plan adopted until recently corresponding to the earliest nosology of ordinary medicine, while the schemes which task the ingenuity of a Skae or a Bucknill have a great likeness to the “Phthisiologia” of Morton, or to the nosologies of Sauvages and Cullen.


2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-170
Author(s):  
Madeline Bourque Kearin

Abstract Sir Alexander Morison’s Physiognomy of Mental Diseases (1838) was created as a didactic tool for physicians, depicting lunatics in both the active and dormant states of disease. Through the act of juxtaposition, Morison constituted his subjects as their own Jekylls and Hydes, capable of radical transformation. In doing so, he marshaled artistic and clinical, visual and textual approaches in order to pose a particular argument about madness as a temporally manifested, visually distinguishable state defined by its contrast with reason. This argument served a crucial function in legitimizing the emergent discipline of psychiatry by applying biomedical methodologies to the observation and classification of distinctly physical symptoms. Robert Louis Stevenson’s “quintessentially Victorian parable” serves as a metaphor for the way 19th-century alienists conceptualized insanity, while the theme of duality at the core of Stevenson’s story serves as a framework for conceptualizing both psychiatry and the subjects it generates. It was (and is) a discipline formulated around narrative as the primary organizing structure for its particular set of paradoxes, and specifically, narratives of the self as a fluid, dynamic, and contradictory entity.


1876 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
J. R. Gasquet

The disheartening aphorism, in which Hippocrates summed up the experience of his life—“Art is long and life is short, the occasion is fleeting, experiment is dangerous, and judgment is difficult”—is more true of the study of insanity than of any other department of medicine. Were any proof needed of this, it would be sufficient to point to the classification of mental diseases, the symptomatological plan adopted until recently corresponding to the earliest nosology of ordinary medicine, while the schemes which task the ingenuity of a Skae or a Bucknill have a great likeness to the “Phthisiologia” of Morton, or to the nosologies of Sauvages and Cullen.


1952 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Aníbal Silveira

If we try to arrange the many patterns of mental disease as regards the underlying heredological trends it is possible to develop a system disposed as a "natural series". In our tentative one, which combines eugenic and dynamic criteria chiefly, we tried to assemble 24 separate clinical conditions into 5 major groups: I - Psychoses with toxi-infectious diseases (4 entries); II - Psychoses with accidental intoxications (2 entries) ; III - Constitutional endogenous psychoses (7 entries); IV - Marginal endogenous states (7 entries); V - Defective states by local or abiotrophic brain lesions (4 entries). Among the conditions listed under IV are Kleist's marginal or "degenerative" psychoses, which are frequent indeed in psychiatric practice, so to require their consideration.


1875 ◽  
Vol 21 (95) ◽  
pp. 339-365
Author(s):  
J. Crichton Browne

Of all the classifications of insanity with which we have been afflicted in recent times, none has been more diligently vaunted, or more frequently obtruded upon attention, than that of the late Dr. Skae. Emanating from an able and accomplished physician—not in the first blush of his juvenile enthusiasm, but in the maturity of his powers, and the ripeness of his experience—it at once commanded respectful consideration, and was placed in a position of authority. And there, in the progress of time, a strong body of sentiment has gathered about it. Dr. Skae's old pupils, with a fervour which speaks volumes for his influence over his colleagues, and for their loyalty and gratitude, now rally round it, and vigorously repel any attack upon it, and even any approach to it for the purpose of a critical examination. Under their jealous guardianship it has become a sacred edifice—a monument of wisdom which may be adorned or enriched by the initiated few, but which it is sacrilege in the vulgar to attempt to demolish. Its great principles have been pronounced binding by the ócumenical council of Morningside, and he who profanely questions them places his promotion in jeopardy. Fortified, developed, illustrated, by the labours of many distinguished followers, this classification of Dr. Skae's is extolled by some on all possible occasions, and there is an undoubted danger that it may be somewhat widely adopted.


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