Yes, there is a placebo effect, but is there a powerful antidepressant drug effect?

abstract Fourteen stutterers completed a double-blind crossover study of the effects of Haloperidol and Placebo treatments upon their speech disfluencies. Although clearly not clinically effective, Haloperidol had a statistically significant effect upon reducing disfluency frequency and increasing speaking rate. For most subjects, drug-related reductions in disfluency severity resulted from a decrement in whole-word and phrase repetition, interjection, and revision-type disfluencies rather than from fewer part-word (elemental) repetitions and prolongations of sound or of silence. Neurotic personality profile correlated positively with an overall placebo effect, and there was a positive correlation between abnormal EEG and the drug effect. These findings are discussed in light of the nature of speech disfluency and stuttering and Haloperidol's biochemical and behavioral actions.

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Antidepressant Drug Effect on Periodontal Status in Chronic Periodontitis Patients

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1708640 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 06 (02) ◽

pp. 044-050

Author(s):

Shiny Inasu ◽

Biju Thomas ◽

Satheesh Rao ◽

Amitha Ramesh ◽

Smitha Shetty

Keyword(s):

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Drug Effect ◽

Beta Blockers ◽

Antidepressant Drug ◽

Mood Stabilizers ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Clinical Attachment Loss ◽

Specific Receptors ◽

The Brain

AbstractPatients with problems related to central nervous system dysfunctions are often treated with psychotropic drugs. These include antipsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, anticonvulsants, and drugs blocking specific receptors in the brain such as anticholinergics or beta-blockers. However, these medications have serious side effects affecting the oral health. The purpose of this study is to explore antidepressant drug effect in chronic periodontitis patients. Aim: To explore the effect of antidepressant drug in chronic periodontitis patients. Material and Methods: The study comprised of 100 subjects, 50 periodontally healthy subjects, 50 chronic periodontitis subjects.Clinical examination was done and the following parameters were assessed: Gingival index, Clinical Attachment Loss.

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Ultrastructural investigations of MDL 19,660-induced effects on the canine platelet and megakaryocyte

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100159412 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 374-375

Author(s):

D.E. Loudy ◽

J. Sprinkle-Cavallo ◽

J.T. Yarrington ◽

F.Y. Thompson ◽

J.P. Gibson

Keyword(s):

Antidepressant Drug ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Induced Aggregation ◽

Internal Architecture

Previous short term toxicological studies of one to two weeks duration have demonstrated that MDL 19,660 (5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-3Hl, 2,4-triazole-3-thione), an antidepressant drug, causes a dose-related thrombocytopenia in dogs. Platelet counts started to decline after two days of dosing with 30 mg/kg/day and continued to decrease to their lowest levels by 5-7 days. The loss in platelets was primarily of the small discoid subpopulation. In vitro studies have also indicated that MDL 19,660: does not spontaneously aggregate canine platelets and has moderate antiaggregating properties by inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation. The objectives of the present investigation of MDL 19,660 were to evaluate ultrastructurally long term effects on platelet internal architecture and changes in subpopulations of platelets and megakaryocytes.Nine male and nine female beagle dogs were divided equally into three groups and were administered orally 0, 15, or 30 mg/kg/day of MDL 19,660 for three months. Compared to a control platelet range of 353,000- 452,000/μl, a doserelated thrombocytopenia reached a maximum severity of an average of 135,000/μl for the 15 mg/kg/day dogs after two weeks and 81,000/μl for the 30 mg/kg/day dogs after one week.

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Predictors of onset and offset of drug effect

European Journal of Anaesthesiology ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2346.2001.018s23026.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 18 (Suppl. 23) ◽

pp. 26-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. W. Schnider ◽

C. F. Minto

Keyword(s):

Drug Effect

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How to Psychologically Minimize Scratching Impulses

Zeitschrift für Psychologie ◽

10.1027/2151-2604/a000183 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 222 (3) ◽

pp. 140-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ariane Sölle ◽

Theresa Bartholomäus ◽

Margitta Worm ◽

Regine Klinger

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Processes ◽

Placebo Effect ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Pharmacological Treatments ◽

Physiological Basis ◽

Psychological Mechanisms ◽

Physical Complaints ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

The Impact ◽

Placebo Model

Research in recent years, especially in the analgesic field, has intensively studied the placebo effect and its mechanisms. It has been shown that physical complaints can be efficiently reduced via learning and cognitive processes (conditioning and expectancies). However, despite evidence demonstrating a large variety of physiological similarities between pain and itch, the possible transfer of the analgesic placebo model to itch has not yet been widely discussed in research. This review therefore aims at highlighting potential transfers of placebo mechanisms to itch processes by demonstrating the therapeutic issues in pharmacological treatments for pruritus on a physiological basis and by discussing the impact of psychological mechanisms and psychological factors influencing itch sensations.

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