The activation of embedded words in spoken word identification is robust but constrained: Evidence from the picture-word interference paradigm.

Three experiments were conducted using a repetition priming paradigm: Auditory word or environmental sound stimuli were identified by subjects in a pre-test phase, which was followed by a perceptual identification task using either sounds or words in the test phase. Identification of an environmental sound was facilitated by prior presentation of the same sound, but not by prior presentation of a spoken label (Experiments 1 and 2). Similarly, spoken word identification was facilitated by previous presentation of the same word, but not when the word had been used to label an environmental sound (Experiment 1). A degree of abstraction was demonstrated in Experiment 3, which revealed a facilitation effect between similar sounds produced by the same type of source. These results are discussed in terms of the Transfer Appropriate Processing, activation, and systems approaches.

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The Influence of Semantic and Syntactic Context Constraints on Lexical Selection and Integration in Spoken-Word Comprehension as Revealed by ERPs

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/0898929041502670 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 1068-1084 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Daniëlle van den Brink ◽

Peter Hagoort

Keyword(s):

Word Processing ◽

Word Identification ◽

Selection Process ◽

Critical Word ◽

Incongruent Condition ◽

Spoken Word ◽

Lexical Selection ◽

Word Comprehension ◽

Context Constraints ◽

Syntactic Context

An event-related brain potential experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of semantic and syntactic context constraints on lexical selection and integration in spoken-word comprehension. Subjects were presented with constraining spoken sentences that contained a critical word that was either (a) congruent, (b) semantically and syntactically incongruent, but beginning with the same initial phonemes as the congruent critical word, or (c) semantically and syntactically incongruent, beginning with phonemes that differed from the congruent critical word. Relative to the congruent condition, an N200 effect reflecting difficulty in the lexical selection process was obtained in the semantically and syntactically incongruent condition where word onset differed from that of the congruent critical word. Both incongruent conditions elicited a large N400 followed by a left anterior negativity (LAN) time-locked to the moment of word category violation and a P600 effect. These results would best fit within a cascaded model of spoken-word processing, proclaiming an optimal use of contextual information during spoken-word identification by allowing for semantic and syntactic processing to take place in parallel after bottom-up activation of a set of candidates, and lexical integration to proceed with a limited number of candidates that still match the acoustic input.

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Spoken word identification involves accessing position invariant phoneme representations

Journal of Memory and Language ◽

10.1016/j.jml.2015.11.002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 87 ◽

pp. 71-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jeffrey S. Bowers ◽

Nina Kazanina ◽

Nora Andermane

Keyword(s):

Word Identification ◽

Spoken Word

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Do words go to sleep? Exploring consolidation of spoken forms through direct and indirect measures

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x05270024 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 69-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Nicolas Dumay ◽

M. Gareth Gaskell

Keyword(s):

Word Identification ◽

Spoken Word ◽

Potential Dependence ◽

Indirect Measures ◽

Spoken Words ◽

Memory Representations

We address the notion of integration of new memory representations and the potential dependence of this phenomenon on sleep, in light of recent findings on the lexicalization of spoken words. A distinction is introduced between measures tapping directly into the strength of the newly acquired knowledge and indirect measures assessing the influence of this knowledge on spoken word identification.

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Second-language spoken word identification: Effects of perceptual training, visual cues, and phonetic environment

Applied Psycholinguistics ◽

10.1017/s0142716405050319 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 579-596 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

DEBRA M. HARDISON

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Speech Processing ◽

Visual Cues ◽

Word Identification ◽

Spoken Word ◽

Perceptual Training ◽

Korean Learners ◽

Gating Paradigm ◽

Korean Learners Of English

Experiments using the gating paradigm investigated the effects of auditory–visual (AV) and auditory-only perceptual training on second-language spoken-word identification by Japanese and Korean learners of English. Stimuli were familiar bisyllabic words beginning with /p/, /f/, //, /l/, and /s, t, k/ combined with high, low, and rounded vowels. Results support the priming role of visual cues in AV speech processing. Identification was earlier with visual cues and following training, especially for words beginning with // and /l/, which also showed significant effects of adjacent vowel. For the Japanese, the AV advantage in identifying //- and /l/-initial words was accentuated following training. Findings are discussed within a multimodal episodic model of learning.

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