Priming the Identification of Environmental Sounds

1995 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Stuart ◽  
Dylan M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Word Identification ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Perceptual Identification ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
Environmental Sound ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Sound Experiment ◽  
Priming Paradigm

Three experiments were conducted using a repetition priming paradigm: Auditory word or environmental sound stimuli were identified by subjects in a pre-test phase, which was followed by a perceptual identification task using either sounds or words in the test phase. Identification of an environmental sound was facilitated by prior presentation of the same sound, but not by prior presentation of a spoken label (Experiments 1 and 2). Similarly, spoken word identification was facilitated by previous presentation of the same word, but not when the word had been used to label an environmental sound (Experiment 1). A degree of abstraction was demonstrated in Experiment 3, which revealed a facilitation effect between similar sounds produced by the same type of source. These results are discussed in terms of the Transfer Appropriate Processing, activation, and systems approaches.

The Effects of Modality and Elaboration on Perceptual Identification

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Budd ◽  
M. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Word Identification ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Perceptual Identification ◽  
Memory Tests ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Priming Phase ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Visual Word Identification ◽  
List Processing ◽  
Modality Shift

This paper describes two experiments on the effects of spoken and written priming on perceptual identification (visual word identification in Experiment 1 and auditory word identification in Experiment 2). Much previous work that has based the priming phase on the processing of word lists suggests that cross-modal priming (auditory-visual and visual-auditory) should be relatively weak. The present studies employed script- or story-based priming and represent a development on the earlier work by Carroll and Freebody (1987). In contrast to priming by list-processing, the reported findings show that homo-modal and cross-modal priming are indistinguishable, although only when the words are congruent with the story. Modality-shift effects are found when target words are incongruent with the stories in which they are embedded at study. Results indicated that memory tests may be much more flexible with respect to the type of processing that can support performance than previous research suggests, and that the data-driven/conceptually driven distinction is not sufficient to account for the pattern of results obtained.

Combining the Post-Cue Task and the Perceptual Identification Task to Assess Parallel Activation and Mutual Facilitation of Related Primes and Targets

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demian Scherer ◽  
Dirk Wentura
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
The Other ◽  
Perceptual Identification ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Parallel Activation ◽  
Prime Target

Abstract. Recent theories assume a mutual facilitation in case of semantic overlap for concepts being activated simultaneously. We provide evidence for this claim using a semantic priming paradigm. To test for mutual facilitation of related concepts, a perceptual identification task was employed, presenting prime-target pairs briefly and masked, with an SOA of 0 ms (i.e., prime and target were presented concurrently, one above the other). Participants were instructed to identify the target. In Experiment 1, a cue defining the target was presented at stimulus onset, whereas in Experiment 2 the cue was not presented before the offset of stimuli. Accordingly, in Experiment 2, a post-cue task was merged with the perceptual identification task. We obtained significant semantic priming effects in both experiments. This result is compatible with the view that two concepts can both be activated in parallel and can mutually facilitate each other if they are related.

scholarly journals Auditory word recognition across the lifespan

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike K. Blumenfeld ◽  
Scott R. Schroeder ◽  
Susan C. Bobb ◽  
Max R. Freeman ◽  
Viorica Marian
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract Recent research suggests that bilingual experience reconfigures linguistic and nonlinguistic cognitive processes. We examined the relationship between linguistic competition resolution and nonlinguistic cognitive control in younger and older adults who were either bilingual or monolingual. Participants heard words in English and identified the referent among four pictures while eye-movements were recorded. Target pictures (e.g., cab) appeared with a phonological competitor picture (e.g., cat) and two filler pictures. After each eye-tracking trial, priming probes assessed residual activation and inhibition of target and competitor words. When accounting for processing speed, results revealed that age-related changes in activation and inhibition are smaller in bilinguals than in monolinguals. Moreover, younger and older bilinguals, but not monolinguals, recruited similar inhibition mechanisms during word identification and during a nonlinguistic Stroop task. Results suggest that, during lexical access, bilinguals show more consistent competition resolution and recruitment of cognitive control across the lifespan than monolinguals.

The influence of talker and accent variability on spoken word identification and discrimination

2011 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 2430-2430
Author(s):  
Kierra Villines ◽  
Tessa Bent ◽  
Rachael F. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Word Identification ◽  
Spoken Word

Spoken-word processing in native and second languages: An investigation of auditory word priming

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAVEL TROFIMOVICH
Keyword(s):  
Word Processing ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Attentional Processing ◽  
Word Priming ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
Spoken Word Processing ◽  
Auditory Word Priming ◽  
Do So

The present study investigated whether and to what extent auditory word priming, which is one mechanism of spoken-word processing and learning, is involved in a second language (L2). The objectives of the study were to determine whether L2 learners use auditory word priming as monolinguals do when they are acquiring an L2, how attentional processing orientation influences the extent to which they do so, and what L2 learners actually “learn” as they use auditory word priming. Results revealed that L2 learners use auditory word priming, that the extent to which they do so depends little on attention to the form of spoken input, and that L2 learners overrely on detailed context-specific information available in spoken input as they use auditory word priming.

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