Comparing growth trajectories of risk behaviors from late adolescence through young adulthood: An accelerated design.

This paper explores the extent of change in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk level and in the numbers of AIDS-related risk behaviors in 602 inner-city adolescents as they enter young adulthood. Youths' risk level for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during adolescence was categorized as high (engaging in prostitution, male homosexual or bisexual activity, or injectable drug use or having ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases), moderate (having six or more sex partners in a 1-year period or nonulcerative sexually transmitted diseases), or low (none of the above). Although a proportion at high or moderate risk during adolescence did move to lower risk levels by young adulthood, the overall risk level stayed fairly stable: 45% were at high or moderate risk levels during adolescence, and 35% were at those levels by young adulthood. Then change in the total number of risk behaviors engaged in by the youths was examined. Knowledge about AIDS or HIV infection and its prevention was not associated with any change in risk behavior, nor were the number of sources of information about the epidemic, acquaintance with those who are infected, estimates of personal risk, or exposure to HIV-test counseling. In fact, youths whose risk behaviors increased the most were more likely to know someone who had died of AIDS and to estimate their own risk as high. Most youths reported that they did not use condoms regularly, disliked them, and had little confidence in their protective ability. Changes in preventive strategies and further research on the causes of behavior change are needed.

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Correction to: Validation of the German version of the late adolescence and young adulthood survivorship-related quality of life measure (LAYA-SRQL)

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes ◽

10.1186/s12955-018-0852-8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

D. Richter ◽

A. Mehnert ◽

F. Schepper ◽

K. Leuteritz ◽

C. Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Late Adolescence ◽

German Version ◽

Life Measure ◽

Related Quality ◽

Adolescence And Young Adulthood

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Abstract 195: Associations of Cardiovascular Health During Late Adolescence and Young Adulthood With Incident Premature Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: The Coronary Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA)

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.195 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Amanda M Perak ◽

Hongyan Ning ◽

Sadiya S Khan ◽

Joshua D Bundy ◽

Norrina B Allen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Later Life ◽

Late Adolescence ◽

Adolescent And Young Adult ◽

Cox Models ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Population Attributable Fractions ◽

Event Rates

Introduction: Mid-life cardiovascular health (CVH) is strongly associated with risks of later-life CVD and mortality across race and sex groups. Adolescent and young-adult CVH are associated with risk of subclinical CVD, but data are lacking regarding CVD events or mortality. Hypotheses: (1) CVH in late adolescence/young adulthood (18-30y) is associated with risks of premature CVD and mortality; (2) Event rates are uniformly low across sociodemographic subgroups with high baseline CVH. Methods: CVH (defined by AHA’s 7 metrics) was measured at baseline and total CVH scores were categorized as high (12-14 pts), moderate (8-11) or low (0-7). CVD events and cause-specific mortality were adjudicated over 32y of follow-up. We estimated adjusted associations of baseline CVH with outcomes using Cox models and calculated population attributable fractions (PAFs; adjusted for competing risk of death as applicable) and event rates by CVH category. Results: See Table . Among 4836 participants, mean age was 24.9y (SD 3.6), 44.1% were aged 18-24y, 54.8% were female, and 50.5% were black. Baseline CVH was high in 28.8%, moderate in 65.0%, and low in 6.3%. In total, 306 CVD events and 431 deaths occurred. CVH was significantly associated with all outcomes, with similar patterns by age, sex, and race. PAFs for moderate/low (vs high) CVH ranged from 0.42 (all-cause mortality) to 0.63 (CVD) to 0.81 (CVD mortality) overall; PAFs were not significantly different across sociodemographic subgroups. Among individuals with high CVH, event rates were low across all sociodemographic subgroups (e.g., CVD rates/1000 person-yrs: age 18-24y 0.64, 25-30y 0.65, women 0.36, men 1.04, black 0.90, white 0.50). Conclusions: High CVH at age 18-30y was associated with low rates of premature CVD and mortality. Preservation of high CVH to at least age 18y may reduce CVD and mortality burdens and disparities, and adolescent/young-adult CVH may be a valid intermediate outcome for early-life determinants of risk.

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