Developmental-studies mathematics is the set of skills that students must possess if they are to be sucessful in beginning college-level mathematics. In most colleges and universities, elementary algebra from the secondary school curriculum is a major part of developmental-studies mathematics. Some arithmetic, or some intermediate algebra, or some of both is also commonly included. Although this content is studied by most college-bound students before they enter their last two years of high school, over 60 percent of all students nationally who enter a community college are required to take developmental-studies mathematics (Griffin 1981). Similarly, in many of the larger universities, this statistic is over 50 percent (Whitesitt 1982).