Path integration and visual landmarks: Optimal combination or multiple systems?

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mintao Zhao ◽  
William H. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Visual Landmarks ◽  
Multiple Systems

scholarly journals Recalibration of path integration in hippocampal place cells

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravikrishnan P. Jayakumar ◽  
Manu S. Madhav ◽  
Francesco Savelli ◽  
Hugh T. Blair ◽  
Noah J. Cowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Gain Factor ◽  
Place Cells ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Positional Error ◽  
Visual Landmarks ◽  
Augmented Reality System ◽  
Behavioral Evidence ◽  
Integration Gain

SummaryHippocampal place cells are spatially tuned neurons that serve as elements of a “cognitive map” in the mammalian brain1. To detect the animal’s location, place cells are thought to rely upon two interacting mechanisms: sensing the animal’s position relative to familiar landmarks2,3 and measuring the distance and direction that the animal has travelled from previously occupied locations4–7. The latter mechanism, known as path integration, requires a finely tuned gain factor that relates the animal’s self-movement to the updating of position on the internal cognitive map, with external landmarks necessary to correct positional error that eventually accumulates8,9. Path-integration-based models of hippocampal place cells and entorhinal grid cells treat the path integration gain as a constant9–14, but behavioral evidence in humans suggests that the gain is modifiable15. Here we show physiological evidence from hippocampal place cells that the path integration gain is indeed a highly plastic variable that can be altered by persistent conflict between self-motion cues and feedback from external landmarks. In a novel, augmented reality system, visual landmarks were moved in proportion to the animal’s movement on a circular track, creating continuous conflict with path integration. Sustained exposure to this cue conflict resulted in predictable and prolonged recalibration of the path integration gain, as estimated from the place cells after the landmarks were extinguished. We propose that this rapid plasticity keeps the positional update in register with the animal’s movement in the external world over behavioral timescales (mean 50 laps over 35 minutes). These results also demonstrate that visual landmarks not only provide a signal to correct cumulative error in the path integration system, as has been previously shown4,8,16–19, but also rapidly fine-tune the integration computation itself.

Multiple orientation cues in an Australian trunk-trail-forming ant, Iridomyrmex purpureus

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Card ◽  
Caitlin McDermott ◽  
Ajay Narendra
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Trail Following ◽  
Visual Landmarks ◽  
Directional Information ◽  
Nest Location ◽  
Visual Landmark ◽  
Pheromone Trails ◽  
Orientation Cues ◽  
Celestial Compass ◽  
Path Integrator

Ants use multiple cues for navigating to a food source or nest location. Directional information is derived from pheromone trails or visual landmarks or celestial objects. Some ants use the celestial compass information along with an ‘odometer’ to determine the shortest distance home, a strategy known as path integration. Some trail-following ants utilise visual landmark information whereas few of the solitary-foraging ants rely on both path integration and visual landmark information. However, it is unknown to what degree trail-following ants use path integration and we investigated this in a trunk-trail-following ant, Iridomyrmex purpureus. Trunk-trail ants connect their nests to food sites with pheromone trails that contain long-lasting orientation information. We determined the use of visual landmarks and the ability to path integrate in a trunk-trail forming ant. We found that experienced animals switch to relying on visual landmark information, and naïve individuals rely on odour trails. Ants displaced to unfamiliar locations relied on path integration, but, surprisingly, they did not travel the entire homebound distance. We found that as the homebound distance increased, the distance ants travelled relying on the path integrator reduced.

scholarly journals Path integration in mammals and its interaction with visual landmarks.

1996 ◽  
Vol 199 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Etienne ◽  
R Maurer ◽  
V Séguinot
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Dead Reckoning ◽  
Visual Landmarks ◽  
Integration System ◽  
External Cues ◽  
Rapid Accumulation ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Inertial Cues

During locomotion, mammals update their position with respect to a fixed point of reference, such as their point of departure, by processing inertial cues, proprioceptive feedback and stored motor commands generated during locomotion. This so-called path integration system (dead reckoning) allows the animal to return to its home, or to a familiar feeding place, even when external cues are absent or novel. However, without the use of external cues, the path integration process leads to rapid accumulation of errors involving both the direction and distance of the goal. Therefore, even nocturnal species such as hamsters and mice rely more on previously learned visual references than on the path integration system when the two types of information are in conflict. Recent studies investigate the extent to which path integration and familiar visual cues cooperate to optimize the navigational performance.

scholarly journals Optimal combination of environmental cues and path integration during navigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori A. Sjolund ◽  
Jonathan W. Kelly ◽  
Timothy P. McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Environmental Cues

scholarly journals Corrigendum: NEURONAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN VISUAL LANDMARKS AND PATH INTEGRATION IN THE RAT

1996 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Knierim ◽  
Hemant S. Kudrimoti ◽  
Bruce L. McNaughton
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Visual Landmarks ◽  
Thalamic Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Mechanisms ◽  
Integration Mechanisms ◽  
Firing Properties

Place- and direction-specific firing properties of hippocampal and thalamic neurons are not strongly tied to visual landmarks when a rat is disoriented. These results suggest that rats rely more on path integration mechanisms than on landmarks, until they have learned that the landmarks are stable directional references.

Food for Thought on Pediatric Feeding and Swallowing

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C. Arvedson
Keyword(s):  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Silent Aspiration ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
Nutrition And Hydration ◽  
Pediatric Feeding ◽  
Areas Of Concern ◽  
And Function

Abstract “Food for Thought” provides an opportunity for review of pertinent topics to add to updates in areas of concern for professionals involved with feeding and swallowing issues in infants and children. Given the frequency with which speech-language pathologists (SLPs) make decisions to alter feedings when young infants demonstrate silent aspiration on videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS), the need for increased understanding about cough and its development/maturation is a high priority. In addition, understanding of the role(s) of laryngeal chemoreflexes (LCRs), relationships (or lack of relationships) between cough and esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux (GER), and chronic salivary aspiration is critical. Decision making regarding management must take into account multiple systems and their interactions in order to provide safe feeding for all children to meet nutrition and hydration needs without being at risk for pulmonary problems. The responsibility is huge and should encourage all to search the literature so that clinical practice is as evidence-based as possible; this often requires adequate understanding of developmentally appropriate neurophysiology and function.

Grid Cells and Human Path Integration

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Chen ◽  
Timothy P. McNamara ◽  
Jonathan W. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Grid Cells

Path integration is not always limited by error accumulation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoang Irene Wan ◽  
Ranxiao Frances Wang ◽  
James A. Crowell
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Error Accumulation
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