Longitudinal Effects of Substance Use and Domestic Violence on Parenting

A range of killings of one person by another can be described as a homicide. Homicide rates vary greatly between geographic regions, reflecting differences in social factors such as weapon availability, patterns of substance use, the efficacy of the police and other institutions, and overall levels of violent crime. Domestic homicide is killing within a family and includes fatal domestic violence and most homicides of infants, children, and older people. Most homicides by people with mental illness are of family members, but most domestic homicide offenders are not mentally ill. People with mental illness, particularly those with schizophrenia, commit a small percentage of all homicides, but a disproportionate number, compared to the incidence of mental illness. Mental health professionals have a role in preventing homicides by offering interventions for domestic violence, substance use disorder, and the early and continued treatment of psychotic disorders.

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MP07: Rate of return: prevalence and correlates of revictimization among sexual and domestic assault cases presenting to the emergency department

CJEM ◽

10.1017/cem.2018.161 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (S1) ◽

pp. S42-S42

Author(s):

A. Drumm ◽

K. Muldoon ◽

F. Blaskovits ◽

T. Leach ◽

M. Heimerl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Domestic Violence ◽

Substance Use ◽

Sexual Assault ◽

Care Program ◽

Sexual Assaults ◽

Domestic Assault ◽

Ottawa Hospital ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Patients At Risk

Introduction: Many survivors of sexual and domestic assault return to violent environments following post-assault care. The objective of this study was to estimate the annual prevalence of revictimization and examine factors associated with return emergency department (ED) visits following their initial encounter for sexual or domestic assault. Methods: The Sexual Assault and Partner Abuse Care Program (SAPACP) at The Ottawa Hospital is the only program in Ottawa offering emergency and forensic care for survivors of sexual assault and domestic violence. Information on demographics, assailant characteristics and clinical presentation were extracted from the SAPACP case registry (January 1 2015- January 31 2016). We conducted descriptive analyses to describe the study sample, and bivariable and multivariable logistic regression modelling to assess factors most strongly associated with revictimization using odds ratios (OR), adjusted OR (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Among 377 unique patients seen at the SAPACP, there were 409 encounters for sexual and domestic violence. There were 24 revictimization cases (6.4%) with the number of repeat visits ranging from 2-6. There were 343 (91.0%) female patients and 182 (48.3) under the age of 25. There were 243 (64.5%) sexual assaults, 125 (33.2%) physical assaults, and 42 (11.1%) verbal assaults. Compared to patients who presented once, revictimized patients were more likely to have experienced violence from a current or former intimate partner (AOR:3.02, 95% CI:1.24-7.34), have a substance use disorder (AOR:5.57, 95% CI:2.11-14.68), and were more likely to be taking anti-depressants (AOR:3.34, 95% CI:1.39-8.01). Conclusion: This study has identified a high prevalence of revictimization, with some clients being revictimized as many as 6 subsequent times. Key factors to help identify patients at risk of revictimization are assaults by intimate partners, having substance use problems, and being on antidepressants. Reducing revictimization and preventing further violence is a critical component of care to ensure survivors are safe following their ED encounter.

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Sexting and Substance Use among Women Arrested for Domestic Violence: A Brief Report

Substance Abuse Research and Treatment ◽

10.1177/1178221820946332 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 117822182094633

Author(s):

Autumn Rae Florimbio ◽

Meagan J Brem ◽

Hannah L Grigorian ◽

Alisa R Garner ◽

Gregory L Stuart

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Risky Behaviors ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Self Report ◽

Sexual Content ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Advances in technology provide opportunities for communication using electronic mediums. Sexting is one form of electronic communication and includes the sending of explicit sexual content (e.g., photos, text) through electronic mediums. Previous research demonstrated a positive association between sexting and behaviors such as substance use. Moreover, substance use increases the risk for intimate partner violence and is also associated with risky behaviors. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sexting in a sample of 84 women mandated to attend batterer intervention programs following arrest for domestic violence. The associations between sexting, substance use, and intimate partner violence were also examined. Method: Participants completed self-report questionnaires that assessed sexting, intimate partner violence, and alcohol and drug use symptoms. Results: Fifty-four percent of participants reported being asked to send a sext, 35.1% reported sending a sext, and 32.0% reported requesting a sext. Drug use symptoms were positively associated with some forms of sexting and intimate partner violence. There was a significant difference in drug use symptoms, such that women who received a request to send a sext had significantly more symptoms relative to women who had not received a request to send a sext. Conclusion: This is the first examination of sexting in a sample of women arrested for domestic violence. Findings indicate an association between drug use symptoms, sexting, and intimate partner violence, warranting continued research in this domain.

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Longitudinal Effects of Best-Friend Communication Against Substance Use for Latino and Non-Latino White Early Adolescents

Journal of Research on Adolescence ◽

10.1111/jora.12147 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 534-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jennifer A. Kam ◽

Ningxin Wang

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Early Adolescents ◽

Best Friend ◽

Longitudinal Effects

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The Extent of Substance Use Problems Among Women Partner Abuse Survivors Residing in a Domestic Violence Shelter

Family & Community Health ◽

10.1097/00003727-200701001-00014 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. S106-S108 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Dawnovise Fowler

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Substance Use ◽

Partner Abuse ◽

Abuse Survivors ◽

Domestic Violence Shelter ◽

Substance Use Problems

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All Women Are Welcome: Reducing Barriers to Women's Shelters With Harm Reduction

Partner Abuse ◽

10.1891/1946-6560.10.4.409 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 409-428

Author(s):

Angela Hovey ◽

Susan Scott

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Substance Use ◽

Service Delivery ◽

Harm Reduction ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Service Delivery Model ◽

Reduction Strategies ◽

Positive Experiences ◽

Minimal Research

Women who experience domestic violence are more likely to use or become dependent on substances. Their health and safety are at greater risk when Violence Against Women (VAW) shelters have policies prohibiting admission if noticeably impaired. Harm reduction strategies can help reduce harms caused by substance use. Minimal research was found about impacts of integrating harm reduction in VAW shelters. We examined women's experiences with a harm reduction service delivery model at a Canadian rural VAW shelter. Interviews were conducted with 25 former residents to explore their experiences. Most women preferred to have harm reduction implemented, although most women also wanted changes made to harm reduction practices. These recommended changes would enhance positive experiences and feelings of safety for all women, thereby achieving the goal of all women welcome. Overall, our findings support the integration of harm reduction in VAW shelters that balances harm reduction philosophy and practices with the individualized needs of traumatized women and safety of children.

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