The neural correlates of concreteness and ambiguity in a semantic categorization task

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny M. Pexman ◽  
Jodi D. Edwards ◽  
Ian S. Hargreaves ◽  
Luke C. Henry ◽  
Bradley Goodyear
Keyword(s):  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Semantic Categorization

Reading Your Mind While You Are Reading—Evidence for Spontaneous Visuospatial Perspective Taking During a Semantic Categorization Task

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Freundlieb ◽  
Ágnes M. Kovács ◽  
Natalie Sebanz
Keyword(s):  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Semantic Categorization ◽  
Physical Context ◽  
Visual Access ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Mental Space ◽  
The Right ◽  
Do So

Recent studies have demonstrated people’s propensity to adopt others’ visuospatial perspectives (VSPs) in a shared physical context. The present study investigated whether spontaneous VSP taking occurs in mental space where another person’s perspective matters for mental activities rather than physical actions. Participants sat at a 90° angle to a confederate and performed a semantic categorization task on written words. From the participants’ point of view, words were always displayed vertically, while for the confederate, these words appeared either the right way up or upside down, depending on the confederate’s sitting position. Participants took longer to categorize words that were upside down for the confederate, suggesting that they adopted the confederate’s VSP without being prompted to do so. Importantly, the effect disappeared if the other’s visual access was impeded by opaque goggles. This demonstrates that human adults show a spontaneous sensitivity to others’ VSP in the context of mental activities, such as joint reading.

The cost of switching language in a semantic categorization task

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roswitha E. von Studnitz ◽  
David W. Green
Keyword(s):  
Switch Trial ◽  
Response Type ◽  
Language Switching ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Semantic Categorization ◽  
Language Control ◽  
The Cost

German-English bilinguals decided whether a visually presented word, either German or English, referred to an animate or to an inanimate entity. Bilinguals were slower to respond on a language switch trial than on language non-switch trials but only if they had to make the same response as on the prior trial (e.g., two successive “animate” responses). If they had to change their response from the prior trial, a switch of language speeded responses. This interaction between language switching and response type was abolished for the translations of words previously presented. We consider the implications for theories of language control.

Two Categorical Stages of Object Recognition

Perception ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K Warrington ◽  
Angela M Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Visual Object Recognition ◽  
Perceptual Categorization ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Semantic Categorization ◽  
Tentative Model ◽  
The Right

Visual object recognition was investigated in a group of eighty-one patients with right- or left-hemisphere lesions. Two tasks were used, one maximizing perceptual categorization by physical identity, the other maximizing semantic categorization by functional identity. The right-hemisphere group showed impairment on the perceptual categorization task and the left-hemisphere group were impaired on the semantic categorization task. The findings are discussed in terms of categorical stages of object recognition. A tentative model of their cerebral organization is suggested.

Left Frontal Activation During a Semantic Categorization Task: An fMRI-Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 99 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Hugdahl ◽  
Arvid Lundervold ◽  
Lars Ersland ◽  
Alf Inge Smievoll ◽  
Håkan Sundbekg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Categorization Task ◽  
Semantic Categorization ◽  
Fmri Study

Connecting the research fields of lexical ambiguity and figures of speech

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadet Jager ◽  
Alexandra A. Cleland
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Semantic Categorization ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage

The current studies investigated the processing and storage of lexical metaphors and metonyms by combining two existing methodologies from ambiguity research: counting the number of senses (as in e.g., Rodd, Gaskell, & Marslen-Wilson, 2002) and determining the relationship between those senses (as in e.g., Klepousniotou & Baum, 2007). We have called these two types of ambiguity ‘numerical polysemy’ and ‘relational polysemy’. Studies employing a lexical decision task (Experiment 1) and semantic categorization task (Experiment 2) compared processing of metaphorical and non-metaphorical words while controlling for number of senses. The effects of relational polysemy were investigated in more detail with a further lexical decision study (Experiment 3). Results showed a metaphor advantage and metonymy disadvantage which conflict with earlier findings of reverse patterns (e.g., Klepousniotou & Baum, 2007). The fact that both conventional lexical metaphors and metonyms can incur either processing advantages or disadvantages strongly suggests they are not inherently stored differently in the mental lexicon.

The Role of Decision Biases in Semantic Priming Effects

2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Duscherer ◽  
Daniel Holender
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Semantic Relationship ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Binary Decision ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Semantic Categorization ◽  
Decision Bias ◽  
Decision Biases ◽  
Decision Tasks

At least a part of semantic priming effects observed in binary decision tasks is supposed to be caused by decision biases. A semantic relationship between prime and target could positively bias a “yes” response, whereas the absence of a relationship would instead favour a “no” response to the same target. We tested this assumption with a semantic categorization task in which participants were induced to associate different values - positive, negative, or neutral - to each of the categorization decisions. Although semantic priming effects were obtained even with negatively valued decisions, they were substantially enhanced with positively valued decisions, confirming the influence of a decision bias induced presumptively by a post-lexical relatedness judgement.

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