A review of the effect of menstruation on accident involvement, size of visual field, and color perception

In a previously conducted randomized placebo-controlled trial, we were able to demonstrate significant visual field enlargement induced by restitution therapy in patients with cerebral lesions [Kasten, E., Wuest, S., Behrens-Bamann, W., & Sabel, B. A. (1998c). Computer-based training for the treatment of partial blindness. Nature Medicine, 4, 1083-1087.]. Visual field training was performed on a computer monitor for 1 hr per day over a period of 6 months. Since the procedure included only stimulation with white light, in the present study we investigated if this simple detection training had a transfer effect on color or form recognition in the trained area (i.e., in the absence of modality specific training). Answering this question would be crucial for planning optimal restitution therapy: In case there is no transfer of training effects to other visual modalities, a specific treatment of each visual function must be performed in order to achieve maximum benefit. Therefore, we analyzed the data from 32 patients with visual field defects who had participated in the original trial and whose form and color recognition had been investigated. The experimental group (n = 19, restitution training) experienced not only an increase of 12.8% correctly detected stimuli (PeriMa program, p < .05), but also an improvement of 5.6% in pattern recognition (PeriForm) and of 6.1% in color perception (PeriColor), respectively. In contrast, the placebo group (n = 13, fixation training) showed no significant changes from baseline to final outcome in any of the visual modalities (PeriMa: 0.3%; PeriForm: -0.3%; PeriColor: 0.4%). Conventional perimetry yielded an increase of 7.8% detected stimuli in the experimental group, but only of 1.2% in the placebo group (p < .05). For form recognition and color perception, the differences between the results of the experimental and the placebo groups narrowly missed significance. However, correlations of diagnostic results showed that mainly those patients who had achieved visual field enlargement also improved in color and form perception: r = .67 (p < .05) between PeriMa and PeriForm and r = .32 between PeriMa and PeriColor. We conclude that visual restitution training using a simple white light stimulus has at least some influence on improving other visual functions such as color and pattern recognition. This result supports the “bottleneck theory” of visual restitution, i.e., training effects can be explained as a process of perceptual learning and increased processing of information by residual structures surviving lesions of the primary visual pathways.

Download Full-text

Chromatic detection and discrimination in the periphery: A postreceptoral loss of color sensitivity

Visual Neuroscience ◽

10.1017/s0952523803205058 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 511-521 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

JESSICA R. NEWTON ◽

RHEA T. ESKEW

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Color Perception ◽

Bipolar Cells ◽

Peripheral Visual Field ◽

Peripheral Retina ◽

Retinal Ganglion ◽

Noise Masking ◽

Green Color ◽

Color Sensitivity ◽

Masked Detection

The peripheral visual field is marked by a deterioration in color sensitivity, sometimes attributed to the random wiring of midget bipolar cells to cone photoreceptors in the peripheral retina (Mullen, 1991; Mullen & Kingdom, 1996). Using psychophysical methods, we explored differences in the sensitivity of peripheral color mechanisms with detection and discrimination of 2-deg spots at 18-deg eccentricity, and find evidence for a postreceptoral locus for the observed loss in sensitivity. As shown before, observers' sensitivity to green was lower than to red in the periphery, although the magnitude of this effect differed across observers. These results suggest that the asymmetry in peripheral sensitivity occurs at a postreceptoral site, possibly a cortical one. In addition, noise masking was used to determine the cone inputs to the peripheral color mechanisms. The masked detection contours indicate that the red and green mechanisms in the periphery respond to the linear difference of approximately equally weighted L- and M-cone contrasts, just as they do in the fovea. Thus, if the midget retinal ganglion system is responsible for red/green color perception in the fovea, it is likely to be responsible at 18-deg eccentricity as well.

Download Full-text

The constant color perception at various illuminations: Could the own cheek and nose permanently occurring on the periphery of observer's visual field provide the visual system with the necessary standard of spectral reflectance?

Journal of Vision ◽

10.1167/8.17.55 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (17) ◽

pp. 55-55

Author(s):

V. Gavrik

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Visual System ◽

Spectral Reflectance ◽

Color Perception ◽

Constant Color

Download Full-text

Color perception in the intermediate periphery of the visual field

Journal of Vision ◽

10.1167/9.4.26 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 26-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

T. Hansen ◽

L. Pracejus ◽

K. R. Gegenfurtner

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Color Perception

Download Full-text

A Review of the Effect of Menstruation on Accident Involvement, Size of Visual Field, and Color Perception

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193127401800225 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 228-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kathryne M. Lanfair ◽

Leo A. Smith

Keyword(s):

Menstrual Cycle ◽

Visual Field ◽

Color Perception ◽

Menstrual Phase ◽

Menstrual Flow ◽

Industrial Performance ◽

The Relationship

A review of the relationship between the menstrual cycle and three aspects of female industrial performance is presented. The performance aspects considered are accident involvement, size of visual field, and color perception. The literature relative to the phases of the menstrual cycle and their effect on accident involvement is conflicting from the standpoint of conclusions reached and often inappropriate with respect to the sample of women studied. The literature relative to detailing significant effects of the menstrual cycle on the individual's visual field and color perception is less copious than that concerning accidents, but less conflicting in conclusions reached. There is apparently a significant narrowing of the visual field and distortion of color perception during the pre-menstrual phase. The literature is reviewed and an hypothesis posed which could potentially explain any increase in accident involvement during the pre-menstrual and menstrual flow stages.

Download Full-text

Eye disorders in patients with chronic alcoholism

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kmj1834 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 95 (4) ◽

pp. 519-523

Author(s):

R R Fazlyeva ◽

F R Saifullina

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Color Vision ◽

Color Perception ◽

Chronic Alcoholism ◽

Fusion Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽

Main Process ◽

Vascular Changes ◽

Flicker Fusion

Aim. To study the features of ophthalmic disorders in patients with chronic alcoholism. Methods. Sixty patients (120 eyes) with chronic alcoholism (the main group), including 20 people (40 eyes) with the first stage, and 40 people (80 eyes) with the second stage of chronic alcoholism. Control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers aged 18 to 46 years. All patients underwent ophthalmologic examination, which included visual acuity test, refractometry, biomicroscopy, biomicroophthalmoscopy, visual field test using chromatic and achromatic colors, color vision test using the tables by E.B. Rabkin (1972), tonometry, flicker fusion rate, and bulbar conjunctiva microcirculation examination. Results. In patients of the control group, eye condition complied with a person’s age, a few changes of the conjunctiva microcirculation were revealed, perivascular changes index was assessed as 1.26±0.05 points, vascular changes index - 1.2±0.05 points, capillary changes index - 1.28±0.05 points, intravascular changes index - 2.3±0.05 points, total conjunctival index - 5±0.13 points. Patients with chronic alcoholism showed reduction of central vision in 26% of cases; white color perception visual field decrease - in 80% of cases, red color - in 40%, green - in 13% of cases. Color perception change was an acquired one in 88% of cases, inherited - in 22% of cases; unilateral reduction of visual flicker fusion rate to red light was observed in 35% of cases, bilateral decrease - in 23% of cases. All patients with chronic alcoholism had bulbar conjunctiva microcirculation disorders: perivascular changes index was assessed as 3.48±0.06 points, vascular changes index - 11.25±0.32 points, capillary changes index - 10.51±0.06 points, intravascular changes index - 2.36±0.06 points, total conjunctival index - 27.61±0.48 points. Conclusion. Alcohol intoxication causes profound pathological changes in the eye seen as visual field decrease, color vision disorders, reduced flicker fusion rate, presence of perivascular, intravascular and vascular disorders of bulbar conjunctiva microvasculature, which should be considered at main process monitoring and choosing the appropriate treatment.

Download Full-text