Parent characteristics and positive illusory bias in children with ADHD

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather J. Prime ◽  
Vicky K. Timmermanis ◽  
Angela Varma ◽  
Judith Wiener
Keyword(s):  
Positive Illusory Bias ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Parent Characteristics

Explicit and Implicit Positive Illusory Bias in Children With ADHD

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 994-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina C. Emeh ◽  
Amori Yee Mikami ◽  
Bethany A. Teachman
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Positive Illusory Bias ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Behavioral Competence ◽  
Self Perceptions

Objective: Children with ADHD overestimate their own social and behavioral competence when using explicit self-report measures, a phenomenon known as Positive Illusory Bias (PIB). This study examined whether children with ADHD show PIB when self-perceptions are measured implicitly, reflecting associations that are relatively difficult to consciously control. Method: Participants were 23 children (ages 6.8-9.8) with ADHD and 55 typically developing (TD) children. Children’s explicit self-perceptions of competence were measured via self-report on the Self-Perception Profile for Children; their implicit associations were assessed using an Implicit Association Test. Parent and teacher ratings formed an adult-reported composite indicator of children’s competence, to which children’s self-perceptions were compared. Results: Children with ADHD overestimated their competence as compared with adult-informant reports on both explicit and implicit measures, whereas TD children tended to be accurate. Conclusion: Inflated self-perceptions in children with ADHD may exist on an implicit level outside of conscious awareness.

The Processes Underlying Positive Illusory Bias in ADHD: The Role of Executive Functions and Pragmatic Language Skills

2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472110636
Author(s):  
Giulia Crisci ◽  
Ramona Cardillo ◽  
Irene C. Mammarella
Keyword(s):  
Social Competence ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Pragmatic Language ◽  
Positive Illusory Bias ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Pragmatic Language Skills ◽  
Social Difficulties

Objective: Children with ADHD often show a positive illusory bias (PIB), reporting an extremely positive idea of their own competence, despite their difficulties. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still poorly understood. In the present study, we examined social PIB and investigated the role of executive functions (EFs) and pragmatic language (PL). Method: Forty-one children with ADHD and 42 typically-developing children matched on age, IQ, and receptive language were administered measures of social competence, EFs and PL. The parents were also asked to estimate their child’s social competence. Results: There was evidence of social difficulties and PIB in children with ADHD. Only PL, not EFs, seemed to mediate the association between ADHD and PIB. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that PL abilities should be considered in efforts to improve self-perception in children with ADHD.

A Critical Review of Self-perceptions and the Positive Illusory Bias in Children with ADHD

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Sarno Owens ◽  
Matthew E. Goldfine ◽  
Nicole M. Evangelista ◽  
Betsy Hoza ◽  
Nina M. Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Positive Illusory Bias ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Self Perceptions

Does Positive Illusory Bias Affect Self-Concept and Loneliness in Children With Symptoms of ADHD?

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1274-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnese Capodieci ◽  
Giulia Crisci ◽  
Irene Cristina Mammarella
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Positive Illusory Bias ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Social Difficulties

Objective: Positive illusory bias (PIB) has been amply studied in children with ADHD, but its function is still limited understanding. Method: In a sample of 21 children with symptoms of ADHD, this study investigated whether they were more likely to be rejected by peers and examined PIB, and its influence on self-concept and loneliness, comparing the children with symptoms of ADHD with children who had weak social skills, but no ADHD. The children’s and teachers’ perception of social difficulties were compared, and self-concept and loneliness were analyzed in the two groups, which were also compared with typically developing (TD) children. Results: The results showed the presence of PIB on social skills in children with symptoms of ADHD, but this phenomenon did not give them a higher self-concept, which was similar to that of children with weak social skills and lower than in TD children. Conclusion: The implications of these findings are discussed.

The Positive Illusory Bias: Do Inflated Self-Perceptions in Children with ADHD Generalize to Perceptions of Others?

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Evangelista ◽  
Julie S. Owens ◽  
Catherine M. Golden ◽  
William E. Pelham
Keyword(s):  
Positive Illusory Bias ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Self Perceptions

Corpus callosum may be similar in children with ADHD and siblings of children with ADHD

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (01) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Overmeyer ◽  
A Simmons ◽  
J Santosh ◽  
C Andrew ◽  
S C R Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Children With Adhd

Physical Fitness and Resting EEG in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Wen Huang ◽  
Chung-Ju Huang ◽  
Chiao-Ling Hung ◽  
Chia-Hao Shih ◽  
Tsung-Min Hung
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Relationship

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by a deviant pattern of brain oscillations during resting state, particularly elevated theta power and increased theta/alpha and theta/beta ratios that are related to cognitive functioning. Physical fitness has been found beneficial to cognitive performance in a wide age population. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical fitness and resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations in children with ADHD. EEG was recorded during eyes-open resting for 28 children (23 boys and 5 girls, 8.66 ± 1.10 years) with ADHD, and a battery of physical fitness assessments including flexibility, muscular endurance, power, and agility tests were administered. The results indicated that ADHD children with higher power fitness exhibited a smaller theta/alpha ratio than those with lower power fitness. These findings suggest that power fitness may be associated with improved attentional self-control in children with ADHD.

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