scholarly journals Experimental Zika Virus Inoculation in a New World Monkey Model Reproduces Key Features of the Human Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Y. Chiu ◽  
Claudia Sánchez-San Martín ◽  
Jerome Bouquet ◽  
Tony Li ◽  
Shigeo Yagi ◽  
...  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Chiu ◽  
Jerome Bouquet ◽  
Tony Li ◽  
Shigeo Yagi ◽  
Claudia Sanchez San Martin ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTHuman infections by Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, are associated with a current widespread outbreak in the Americas, and have been associated with neurological complications and adverse fetal outcomes such as microcephaly in pregnant women. A suitable non-human primate model is urgently needed. To evaluate ZIKV infectivity, pathogenesis, and persistence, we inoculated 4 marmosets with ZIKV and followed them by clinical monitoring and serial sampling of body fluids for up to 11 weeks. We found that marmosets experimentally infected with ZIKV reproduced key features of the human disease, including (1) asymptomatic infection, (2) brief period of detectable virus in serum (<1 week), (3) detection in other body fluids (urine, saliva, semen, and stool) for at least 2 weeks following acute infection, and (4) persistence in lymph nodes, but not other tissues, at 1 month post-infection. ZIKV-positive saliva and serum samples, but not urine, were found to be infectious in cell culture. By day 6 post-inoculation, most marmosets exhibited detectable neutralizing antibody responses concurrent with activation of NK cell and B cell subsets and an increase in circulating cytokines associated with type II interferon signaling, Transcriptome profiling revealed enrichment of immune responses to active viral infection, with up-regulation of both type I and II interferon signaling pathways, anduncovered potential host biomarkers. These results suggest that a New World monkey model of acute ZIKV infection mimics the human disease, and is likely to be useful for testing of drug and vaccine candidates.


2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. S773-S774
Author(s):  
C. Chen ◽  
D. Chavez ◽  
E. Salas ◽  
D. Tam ◽  
S. Eng ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 20150817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aorarat Suntronpong ◽  
Kazuto Kugou ◽  
Hiroshi Masumoto ◽  
Kornsorn Srikulnath ◽  
Kazuhiko Ohshima ◽  
...  

Centromere protein B (CENP-B) is one of the major proteins involved in centromere formation, binding to centromeric repetitive DNA by recognizing a 17 bp motif called the CENP-B box. Hominids (humans and great apes) carry large numbers of CENP-B boxes in alpha satellite DNA (AS, the major centromeric repetitive DNA of simian primates). Only negative results have been reported regarding the presence of the CENP-B box in other primate taxa. Consequently, it is widely believed that the CENP-B box is confined, within primates, to the hominids. We report here that the common marmoset, a New World monkey, contains an abundance of CENP-B boxes in its AS. First, in a long contig sequence we constructed and analysed, we identified the motif in 17 of the 38 alpha satellite repeat units. We then sequenced terminal regions of additional clones and found the motif in many of them. Immunostaining of marmoset cells demonstrated that CENP-B binds to DNA in the centromeric regions of chromosomes. Therefore, functional CENP-B boxes are not confined to hominids. Our results indicate that the efficiency of identification of the CENP-B box may depend largely on the sequencing methods used, and that the CENP-B box in centromeric repetitive DNA may be more common than researchers previously thought.


2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Steiper ◽  
Maryellen Ruvolo

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1535-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn J.P. Jones ◽  
Maria Elena Ortíz ◽  
Horacio B. Croxatto ◽  
Alejandro Manzur ◽  
Geraldine Slevin ◽  
...  

1995 ◽  
Vol 191 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gebhard ◽  
K. Zilles ◽  
A. Schleicher ◽  
B.J. Everitt ◽  
T.W. Robbins ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Berry ◽  
Deborah Ferguson ◽  
Claire Ham ◽  
Jo Hall ◽  
Adrian Jenkins ◽  
...  

Abstract South American Zika virus (ZIKV) recently emerged as a novel human pathogen, linked with neurological disorders. However, comparative ZIKV infectivity studies in New World primates are lacking. Two members of the Callitrichidae family, common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and red-bellied tamarins (Saguinus labiatus), were highly susceptible to sub-cutaneous challenge with the Puerto Rico-origin ZIKVPRVABC59 strain. Both exhibited rapid, high, acute viraemia with early neuroinvasion (3 days) in peripheral and central nervous tissue. ZIKV RNA levels in blood and tissues were significantly higher in New World hosts compared to Old World species (Macaca mulatta, Macaca fascicularis). Tamarins and rhesus macaques exhibited loss of zonal occludens-1 (ZO-1) staining, indicative of a compromised blood-brain barrier 3 days post-ZIKV exposure. Early, widespread dissemination across multiple anatomical sites distant to the inoculation site preceded extensive ZIKV persistence after 100 days in New and Old World lineages, especially lymphoid, neurological and reproductive sites. Prolonged persistence in brain tissue has implications for otherwise resolved human ZIKV infection. High susceptibility of distinct New World species underscores possible establishment of ZIKV sylvatic cycles in primates indigenous to ZIKV endemic regions. Tamarins and marmosets represent viable New World models for ZIKV pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention studies, including vaccines, with contemporary strains.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Moreira ◽  
Alessandra P. Lamarca ◽  
Rafael Ferreira Soares ◽  
Ana M. A. Coelho ◽  
Carolina Furtado ◽  
...  

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke S Singer ◽  
Jürgen Schmitz ◽  
Claudia Schwiegk ◽  
Hans Zischler

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