scholarly journals Effects of prophylactic antibiotic-treatment on post-surgical recovery following intraperitoneal bio-logger implantation in rainbow trout

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Hjelmstedt ◽  
Henrik Sundh ◽  
Jeroen Brijs ◽  
Andreas Ekström ◽  
Kristina Snuttan Sundell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Prolonged Recovery ◽  
Surgical Recovery ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Freely Moving

AbstractBio-logging devices can provide unique insights on the life of freely moving animals. However, implanting these devices often requires invasive surgery that causes stress and physiological side-effects. While certain medications in connection to surgeries have therapeutic capacity, others may have aversive effects. Here, we hypothesized that the commonly prescribed prophylactic treatment with enrofloxacin would increase the physiological recovery rate and reduce the presence of systemic inflammation following the intraperitoneal implantation of a heart rate bio-logger in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To assess post-surgical recovery, heart rate was recorded for 21 days in trout with or without enrofloxacin treatment. Contrary to our hypothesis, treated trout exhibited a prolonged recovery time and elevated resting heart rates during the first week of post-surgical recovery compared to untreated trout. In addition, an upregulated mRNA expression of TNFα in treated trout indicate a possible inflammatory response 21 days post-surgery. Interestingly, the experience level of the surgeon was observed to have a long-lasting impact on heart rate. In conclusion, our study showed no favorable effects of enrofloxacin treatment. Our findings highlight the importance of adequate post-surgical recovery times and surgical training with regards to improving the welfare of experimental animals and reliability of research outcomes.

Diving Ability of the Platypus

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
BK Evans ◽  
DR Jones ◽  
J Baldwin ◽  
GRJ Gabbott
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Physiological Capacity ◽  
Oxygen Stores ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Oxygen Carrying Capacity ◽  
Ldh Isozymes

Reports of the underwater endurance of the platypus differ. In the present study, most dives observed at Melbourne Zoo were less than 3 min, but several were longer (up to 11 min). Calculated dive: surface ratios were between 2.5:1 and 20:1. Most dives in the laboratory were between 30 s and 4 min duration, and heart rate fell in all dives, from pre-dive rates of 140-230 to 10-120 beats min-1. These falls in heart rate indicate that blood supply to many tissues is restricted, but the short recovery times after dives suggest there is little anaerobic metabolism. Similarly, the distribution and properties of LDH isozymes in skeletal muscle do not suggest heavy dependence on anaerobic glycolysis, and the ability of platypus muscles to 'buffer' metabolic acids that accumulate during anaerobiosis is low relative to other diving mammals. The platypus dives after a large inspiration (about 50 mL for a 1-kg animal). Total blood volume of the platypus is not known, but haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration and oxygen-carrying capacity have been shown to be high. Myoglobin oxygen stores in platypus are about 5 mL per kg body weight. Estimates of available oxygen stores and oxygen consumption rate indicate little need for anaerobic metabolism during normal dives, and it is suggested that the platypus has the physiological capacity for greater underwater endurance than previously suggested.

Changes in Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Breathing Rate During Moderate Swimming Activity in Rainbow Trout

1967 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. DON STEVENS ◽  
D. J. RANDALL
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Breathing Rate ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Ventral Aorta ◽  
Pressure Changes

1. Changes in blood pressure in the dorsal aorta, ventral aorta and subintestinal vein, as well as changes in heart rate and breathing rate during moderate swimming activity in the rainbow trout are reported. 2. Blood pressures both afferent and efferent to the gills increased during swimming and then returned to normal levels within 30 min. after exercise. 3. Venous blood pressure was characterized by periodic increases during swimming. The pressure changes were not in phase with the body movements. 4. Although total venous return to the heart increased during swimming, a decreased blood flow was recorded in the subintestinal vein. 5. Heart rate and breathing rate increased during swimming and then decreased when swimming ceased. 6. Some possible mechanisms regulating heart and breathing rates are discussed.

scholarly journals ADHD and DIRAS Single Nucleotide Polymorphism as an Indicator of Prolonged Concussion Recovery

CommonHealth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Taziah Kenney ◽  
Jane McDevitt
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Rare Allele ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Adhd Diagnosis ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Prolonged Recovery ◽  
Concussion Recovery ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the presence of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; rs1412005) within DIRAS2 (i.e., a gene associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and prolonged recovery following a sport-related concussion. A case-control study design was implemented, where cases and controls were selected from a cohort of 117 deidentified concussed athletes. Eleven samples from this patient cohort self-reported ADHD diagnosis and were age and sex-matched to 22 participants with no self-reported ADHD diagnoses. The average recovery times were 21.50 + 13.96 days and 15.66 + 8.50 days for the case and control groups, respectively. The authors found that only 13.6% of the individuals without an ADHD diagnosis recovered in > 30 days (p = 0.044). Also, the authors found that 72.7% of the carriers of the T allele (i.e., minor allele) recovered in greater than 30 days (p = 0.213).  Researchers concluded that individuals with ADHD had a higher risk of prolonged concussion recovery lasting greater than 30 days. Also, carrying the rare allele was associated with prolonged recovery, which suggests this SNP could be a potential genetic marker for both prolonged concussion recovery and the presence of ADHD.

The effect of prophylactic antibiotic treatment for manual removal of the placenta on frequency of postpartum endometritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Safrai ◽  
Doron Kabiri ◽  
Rani Haj-Yahya ◽  
Adi Reuveni-Salzman ◽  
Michal Lipschuetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Manual Removal ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic Treatment
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