Purpose: The radiographic diagnosis of lung nodules is associated with low sensitivity and specificity.
Computer-aided detection (CAD) system has been shown to have higher accuracy in the detection of lung
nodules. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect on sensitivity and specificity when a CAD system
is used to review chest radiographs in real-time setting.
Methods: Sixty-three patients, including 24 controls, who had chest radiographs and CT within three
months were included in this study. Three radiologists were presented chest radiographs without CAD and
were asked to mark all lung nodules. Then the radiologists were allowed to see the CAD region-of-interest
(ROI) marks and were asked to agree or disagree with the marks. All marks were correlated with CT studies.
Results: The mean sensitivity of the three radiologists without CAD was 16.1%, which showed a
statistically significant improvement to 22.5% with CAD. The mean specificity of the three radiologists was
52.5% without CAD and decreased to 48.1% with CAD. There was no significant change in the positive
predictive value or negative predictive value.
Conclusion: The addition of a CAD system to chest radiography interpretation statistically improves the
detection of lung nodules without affecting its specificity. Thus suggesting CAD would improve overall
detection of lung nodules.
Evaluation of computer aided detection of tuberculosis on chest radiography among people with diabetes in Karachi Pakistan