scholarly journals Electrical stimulation of the lateral cerebellar nucleus promotes neurogenesis in rats after motor cortical ischemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wu ◽  
Fangling Sun ◽  
Zijie Li ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Xin Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Nucleus ◽  
Ischemic Penumbra ◽  
Reaching Task ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
Cortical Ischemia ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been tentatively explored to promote motor recovery after stroke. Stroke could transiently activate endogenous self-repair processes, including neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ). In this regard, it is of considerable clinical interest to study whether DBS of the lateral cerebellar nucleus (LCN) could promote neurogenesis in the SVZ for functional recovery after stroke. In the present study, rats were trained on the pasta matrix reaching task and the ladder rung walking task before surgery. And then an electrode was implanted in the LCN following cortical ischemia induced by endothelin-1 injection. After 1 week of recovery, LCN DBS coupled with motor training for two weeks promoted motor function recovery, and reduced the infarct volumes post-ischemia. LCN DBS augmented poststroke neurogenetic responses, characterized by proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neuroblasts in the SVZ and subsequent differentiation into neurons in the ischemic penumbra at 21 days poststroke. DBS with the same stimulus parameters at 1 month after ischemia could also increase nascent neuroblasts in the SVZ and newly matured neurons in the perilesional cortex at 42 days poststroke. These results suggest that LCN DBS promotes endogenous neurogenesis for neurorestoration after cortical ischemia.

Lateral Cerebellar Nucleus Stimulation has Selective Effects on Glutamatergic and GABAergic Perilesional Neurogenesis After Cortical Ischemia in the Rodent Model

Neurosurgery ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1057-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh H Chan ◽  
Jessica Cooperrider ◽  
Zhihong Chen ◽  
John T Gale ◽  
Kenneth B Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Motor Recovery ◽  
Cerebellar Nucleus ◽  
Electrode Implantation ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Cortical Ischemia ◽  
Deep Brain

Abstract BACKGROUND Chronic deep brain stimulation of the rodent lateral cerebellar nucleus (LCN) has been demonstrated to enhance motor recovery following cortical ischemia. This effect is concurrent with synaptogenesis and expression of long-term potentiation markers in the perilesional cerebral cortex. OBJECTIVE To further investigate the cellular changes associated with chronic LCN stimulation in the ischemic rodent by examining neurogenesis along the cerebellothalamocortical pathway. METHODS Rats were trained on the pasta matrix task, followed by induction of cortical ischemia and electrode implantation in the contralesional LCN. Electrical stimulation was initiated 6 wk after stroke induction and continued for 4 wk prior to sacrifice. Neurogenesis was examined using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Treated animals showed enhanced performance on the pasta matrix task relative to sham controls. Increased cell proliferation colabeled with 5’-Bromo-2’-deoxyuridine and neurogenic markers (doublecortin) was observed in the perilesional cortex as well as bilateral mediodorsal and ventrolateral thalamic subnuclei in treated vs untreated animals. The neurogenic effect at the level of motor cortex was selective, with stimulation-treated animals showing greater glutamatergic neurogenesis but significantly less GABAergic neurogenesis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that LCN deep brain stimulation modulates postinjury neurogenesis, providing a possible mechanistic foundation for the associated enhancement in poststroke motor recovery.

Deep brain stimulation modulates hypothalamic-brainstem fibers in cluster headache: case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio A. F. Dantas ◽  
Eduardo J. L. Alho ◽  
Juliano J. da Silva ◽  
Nilson N. Mendes Neto ◽  
Erich Talamoni Fonoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Chronic Stimulation ◽  
Mammillary Bodies ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
White Matter Region ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

Hypothalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used for more than a decade to treat cluster headache (CH) but its mechanisms remain poorly understood. The authors have successfully treated a patient with CH using hypothalamic DBS and found that the contact used for chronic stimulation was located in a white matter region posterior to the mammillary bodies. Fiber tracts crossing that region were the medial forebrain bundle and those interconnecting the hypothalamus and brainstem, including the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus. Because the stimulation of axons is an important mechanism of DBS, some of its clinical effects in CH may be related to the stimulation of fibers interconnecting the hypothalamus and brainstem.

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