scholarly journals Radon degassing triggered by tidal loading before an earthquake

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasutaka Omori ◽  
Hiroyuki Nagahama ◽  
Yumi Yasuoka ◽  
Jun Muto
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Prediction ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Crustal Stress ◽  
Crustal Fluid ◽  
Kobe Earthquake ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Tidal Loading ◽  
Atmospheric Radon

AbstractThe presence of anomalous geochemical changes related to earthquakes has been controversial despite widespread, long time challenges for earthquake prediction. Establishing a quantitative relationship among geochemical changes and geodetical and seismological changes can clarify their hidden connection. Here we determined the response of atmospheric radon (222Rn) to diurnal tidal (K1 constituent) loading in the reported 11-year-long variation in the atmospheric radon concentration, including its anomalous evolution for 2 months before the devastating 1995 Kobe earthquake in Japan. The response to the tidal loading had been identified for 5 years before the occurrence of the earthquake. Comparison between these radon responses relative to crustal strain revealed that the response efficiency for the diurnal K1 tide was larger than that for the earthquake by a factor of 21–33, implying the involvement of crustal fluid movement. The radon responses occurred when compressional crustal stress decreased or changed to extension. These findings suggest that changes in radon exhaled from the ground were induced by ascent flow of soil gas acting as a radon carrier and degassed from mantle-derived crustal fluid upwelling due to modulation of the crustal stress regime.

Evidence of precursor phenomena in the Kobe earthquake obtained from atmospheric radon concentration

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1064-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Yasuoka ◽  
George Igarashi ◽  
Testuo Ishikawa ◽  
Shinji Tokonami ◽  
Masaki Shinogi
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Kobe Earthquake ◽  
Atmospheric Radon

scholarly journals Time-scale invariant changes in atmospheric radon concentration and crustal strain prior to a large earthquake

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kawada ◽  
H. Nagahama ◽  
Y. Omori ◽  
Y. Yasuoka ◽  
T. Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Irreversible Thermodynamic ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Crustal Strain ◽  
Kobe Earthquake ◽  
Atmospheric Radon

Abstract. Prior to large earthquakes (e.g. 1995 Kobe earthquake, Japan), an increase in the atmospheric radon concentration is observed, and this increase in the rate follows a power-law of the time-to-earthquake (time-to-failure). This phenomenon corresponds to the increase in the radon migration in crust and the exhalation into atmosphere. An irreversible thermodynamic model including time-scale invariance clarifies that the increases in the pressure of the advecting radon and permeability (hydraulic conductivity) in the crustal rocks are caused by the temporal changes in the power-law of the crustal strain (or cumulative Benioff strain), which is associated with damage evolution such as microcracking or changing porosity. As the result, the radon flux and the atmospheric radon concentration can show a temporal power-law increase. The concentration of atmospheric radon can be used as a proxy for the seismic precursory processes associated with crustal dynamics.

Anomalous change in atmospheric radon concentration sourced from broad crustal deformation: A case study of the 1995 Kobe earthquake

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Yasuoka ◽  
Yusuke Kawada ◽  
Yasutaka Omori ◽  
Hiroyuki Nagahama ◽  
Tetsuo Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crustal Deformation ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Anomalous Change ◽  
Kobe Earthquake ◽  
Atmospheric Radon

scholarly journals Non-parametric detection of atmospheric radon concentration anomalies related to earthquakes

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Iwata ◽  
Hiroyuki Nagahama ◽  
Jun Muto ◽  
Yumi Yasuoka
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Radon ◽  
Non Parametric

scholarly journals Radon concentration changes in ground water prior all the earthquakes (M>2.5) occurred from September 1998 to January 1999, in the area of Atalanti fault (Greece)

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1433
Author(s):  
Π. ΜΗΤΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ◽  
Κ. NOTSU ◽  
G. IGARASHl ◽  
Τ. MORI ◽  
Ν. ΔΕΛΗΜΠΑΣΗΣ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Earthquake Prediction ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Stress Release ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Concentration Measurements ◽  
Stress Accumulation

Significant precursory changes in the radon concentration of groundwater were observed, 5-6 days prior all the earthquakes (M>2.5) occurred in the area of the Atalanti fault during the period from 22/9/1998-17/1/1999. The radon concentration measurements of ground water,were obtained at one hour intervals by the use of a ZnS(Ag) scintillation chamber. When no earthquake occurs, the radon concentration of the groundwater shows considerable stability. Prior of an earthquake radon concentration increases significantly at the beginning and then dropped to an also significant lower value. These radon concentration changes can be attributed to the temporary enrichment of the groundwater by radon from the surrounding rocks due to the action of stress release or stress accumulation prior an earthquake. It seems likely that the method can be an important tool for the earthquake prediction in local scale.

scholarly journals Anomalous radon emanation linked to preseismic electromagnetic phenomena

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Omori ◽  
Y. Yasuoka ◽  
H. Nagahama ◽  
Y. Kawada ◽  
T. Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Damage Evolution ◽  
Atmospheric Electric Field ◽  
Ionospheric Disturbances ◽  
Radon Emanation ◽  
Radon Anomaly ◽  
Large Earthquakes ◽  
Atmospheric Radon

Abstract. Anomalous emanation of radon (222Rn) was observed preceding large earthquakes and is considered to be linked to preseismic electromagnetic phenomena (e.g. great changes of atmospheric electric field and ionospheric disturbances). Here we analyze atmospheric radon concentration and estimate changes of electrical conditions in atmosphere due to preseismic radon anomaly. The increase of radon emanation obeys crustal damage evolution, following a power-law of time-to-earthquake. Moreover, the radon emanation decreases the atmospheric electric field by 40%, besides influencing the maximum strength of atmospheric electric field by 104–105 V/m enough to trigger ionospheric disturbances. These changes are within the ranges observed or explaining electromagnetic phenomena associated with large earthquakes.

Preseismic changes in atmospheric radon concentration and crustal strain

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 431-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Yasuoka ◽  
Yusuke Kawada ◽  
Hiroyuki Nagahama ◽  
Yasutaka Omori ◽  
Tetsuo Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Crustal Strain ◽  
Atmospheric Radon
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