On the shape and structure of the murine pulmonary heart valve

AbstractMurine animal models are an established standard in translational research and provides a potential platform for studying heart valve disease. To date, studies on heart valve disease using murine models have been hindered by a lack of appropriate methodologies due to their small scale. In the present study, we developed a multi-scale, imaging-based approach to extract the functional structure and geometry for the murine heart valve. We chose the pulmonary valve (PV) to study, due to its importance in congenital heart valve disease. Excised pulmonary outflow tracts from eleven 1-year old C57BL/6J mice were fixed at 10, 20, and 30 mmHg to simulate physiological loading. Micro-computed tomography was used to reconstruct the 3D organ-level PV geometry, which was then spatially correlated with serial en-face scanning electron microscopy imaging to quantify local collagen fiber distributions. From the acquired volume renderings, we obtained the geometric descriptors of the murine PV under increasing transvalvular pressures, which demonstrated remarkable consistency. Results to date suggest that the preferred collagen orientation was predominantly in the circumferential direction, as in larger mammalian valves. The present study represents a first step in establishing organ-level murine models for the study of heart valve disease.

Download Full-text

On the shape and structure of the murine pulmonary heart valve

10.21203/rs.3.rs-135866/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yifei Liu ◽

Xinzeng Feng ◽

Hao Liu ◽

David McComb ◽

Christopher Breuer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Valve ◽

Valve Disease ◽

Heart Valve Disease ◽

Small Scale ◽

Murine Models ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Microscopy Imaging ◽

Spatially Correlated ◽

Physiological Loading ◽

Organ Level

Abstract Murine animal models are an established standard in translational research and provides a potential platform for studying heart valve disease. To date, studies on heart valve disease using murine models have been hindered by a lack of appropriate methodologies due to their small scale. In the present study, we developed a multi-scale, imaging-based approach to extract the functional structure and geometry for the murine heart valve. We chose the pulmonary valve (PV) to study, due to its importance in congenital heart valve disease. Excised pulmonary outflow tracts from eleven 1-year old C57BL/6J mice were fixed at 10, 20, and 30 mmHg to simulate physiological loading. Micro-computed tomography was used to reconstruct the 3D organ-level PV geometry, which was then spatially correlated with serial en-face scanning electron microscopy imaging to quantify local collagen fiber distributions. From the acquired volume renderings, we obtained the geometric descriptors of the murine PV under increasing transvalvular pressures, which demonstrated remarkable consistency. We also observed that the preferred collagen orientation was predominantly in the circumferential direction, as in larger mammalian valves. The present study represents a first step in establishing organ-level murine models for the study of heart valve disease.

Download Full-text

Heart valve disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, and heart failure: a lifelong relationship and continuing clinical responsibility

European Journal of Heart Failure ◽

10.1002/ejhf.2373 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alan G Fraser ◽

Piotr Szymański

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Heart Valve ◽

Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Valve Disease ◽

Heart Valve Disease ◽

Clinical Responsibility

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Patients with Heart Valve Disease

Heart Valve Disease ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-23104-0_2 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 9-19

Author(s):

Jose Zamorano ◽

Ciro Santoro ◽

Álvaro Marco del Castillo

Keyword(s):

Heart Valve ◽

Valve Disease ◽

Heart Valve Disease

Download Full-text

Inflammatory Regulation of Valvular Remodeling: The Good(?), the Bad, and the Ugly

International Journal of Inflammation ◽

10.4061/2011/721419 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Gretchen J. Mahler ◽

Jonathan T. Butcher

Keyword(s):

Heart Valve ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Heart Valves ◽

Valve Disease ◽

Heart Valve Disease ◽

Inflammatory Signaling ◽

Current State ◽

Valve Remodeling ◽

Inflammatory Regulation ◽

Key Questions

Heart valve disease is unique in that it affects both the very young and very old, and does not discriminate by financial affluence, social stratus, or global location. Research over the past decade has transformed our understanding of heart valve cell biology, yet still more remains unclear regarding how these cells respond and adapt to their local microenvironment. Recent studies have identified inflammatory signaling at nearly every point in the life cycle of heart valves, yet its role at each stage is unclear. While the vast majority of evidence points to inflammation as mediating pathological valve remodeling and eventual destruction, some studies suggest inflammation may provide key signals guiding transient adaptive remodeling. Though the mechanisms are far from clear, inflammatory signaling may be a previously unrecognized ally in the quest for controlled rapid tissue remodeling, a key requirement for regenerative medicine approaches for heart valve disease. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding inflammatory mediation of heart valve remodeling and suggests key questions moving forward.

Download Full-text

Perioperative Management of Sectio Caesarea Surgery in Patient With Heart Valve Disorders

Solo Journal of Anesthesi, Pain and Critical Care (SOJA) ◽

10.20961/soja.v1i1.49474 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Purwoko Purwoko ◽

Zidni Afrokhul Athir

Keyword(s):

Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Maternal Mortality ◽

Pulmonary Edema ◽

Heart Valve ◽

Mitral Stenosis ◽

Valve Disease ◽

Heart Valve Disease ◽

Normal Limits ◽

In Pregnancy

<div class="WordSection1">Cardiovascular disease in pregnancy is common range from 1% to 3 and contributes to 10-15% of maternal mortality. Valvular heart disease accounts for about 25% of cases of cardiac complications in pregnancy and important cause of maternal mortality, some of which are mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Cesarean delivery remains the preferred choice, as it reduces the hemodynamic changes that can occur in normal delivery and allows for better monitoring and hemodynamic management. Our paper provide in-depth information regarding the pathophysiology of heart valve disease in pregnant women and an appropriate perianesthesia approach to obtain a good prognosis. We report a case of a 26-year-old pregnant woman, with obstetric status G1P0A0, 36 weeks’ gestation, body weight 61 kg accompanied by severe mitral regurgitation and moderate mitral stenosis. This patient was planned to undergo elective cesarean section. The patient's condition in the perioperative examination was: GCS E4V5M6, other vital signs within normal limits, SpO2 98-99% in supine position. Other physical and laboratory examinations were also within normal limits. The goal of anesthesia during surgery in patients with heart valve disease undergoing cesarean section maintain pulmonary capillary pressure to prevent acute pulmonary edema. In this case, regional anesthesia of epidural anesthesia was chosen because it can reduce systemic vascular resistance and provide better post-cesarean section pain. The patient's hemodynamics perianesthesia tended to be stable without any complications such as pulmonary edema. </div>

Download Full-text