scholarly journals Dominant role of plant physiology in trend and variability of gross primary productivity in North America

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Zhou ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
Xiangming Xiao ◽  
Yiqi Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
North America ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Gross Primary Productivity

scholarly journals Two adventive species of European Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) new to North America: Cryptocephalus moraei (Cryptocephalinae) and Psylliodes dulcamarae (Galerucinae: Alticini), and the origins of adventive Chrysomelidae in Canada and United States of America

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hume B. Douglas ◽  
Stéphane Dumont ◽  
Karine Savard ◽  
Claude Chantal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Host Use ◽  
Additional Information

Abstract First North American records are presented for Cryptocephalus moraei (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Cryptocephalinae) and Psylliodes dulcamarae (Koch, 1803) (Coleoptera: Galerucinae: Alticini), as confirmed by morphology and DNA barcoding. Additional information is presented about phenology and host use for C. moraei, the first European Cryptocephalinae to be found elsewhere as conclusively adventive. Cryptocephalus moraei is expected to have no ecological impact on its host, the adventive Hypericum perforatum Linnaeus (Hypericaceae). However, P. dulcamarae, the second recently discovered flea beetle associated with the adventive Solanum dulcamara Linnaeus (Solanaceae), probably does harm that host. Both species are hypothesised to have arrived from Europe with woody plant material imported with soil during 1960–1965. A literature review of introduced Chrysomelidae found that Canada and the United States of America are together home to 68–78 species of adventive Chrysomelidae. All non-Bruchinae species among these are both native to Europe and occur either in Canada or both Canada and United States of America, except for intentionally introduced biological control agents and two species that feed on Eucalyptus L’Héritier de Brutelle (Myrtaceae). This suggests a dominant role of accidental introductions of cool-climate European species in recent unplanned additions to the fauna of leaf-feeding Chrysomelidae in North America.

scholarly journals Land use cover change has non-trivial and potentially dominant impact on global gross primary productivity (2000-2100)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Hou ◽  
Bing-Bing Zhou ◽  
Fengsong Pei ◽  
Guohua Hu ◽  
Zhongbo Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Gross Primary Productivity ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Ecosystem Models ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Process Based Models

Abstract Anthropogenic land use/cover (LULC) change alters terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP), which is a major atmospheric carbon sink. Identifying the impacts of future LULC changes on terrestrial GPP has been challenging due to the complexity of incorporating future LULC into ecosystem models. Here, we present eight-scenario-based projections of global spatially explicit LULC at 1km resolution over the period 2015-2100. We further conducted Fourteen experiments to quantify the contribution of LULC change to GPP dynamics relative to that of climate change under different scenarios. We find that global GPP change would be underestimated by 10.92%‒16.16% during 2000-2050 and 1.41%‒14.57% during 2050-2100 when modeled without LULC dynamics—as in most existing GPP modeling efforts. Particularly, LULC-change-dominated areas would account globally for 1.65‒2.20 the size of the Amazon rainforest. Our findings underline the necessity of incorporating future LULC dynamics into process-based models and highlight the non-trivial role of LULC in transitioning toward sustainability.

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