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At present, skin cancer is a widespread malignancy in human beings. Among diverse population types, Caucasian
populations are much more prone in comparison to darker skin populations due to the comparative lack of skin pigmentation. Skin cancer is divided into malignant and non-melanoma skin cancer, which is additionally categorized as basal and
squamous cell carcinoma. The exposure to ultraviolet radiation, chemical carcinogen (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, arsenic, tar, etc.), and viruses (herpes virus, human papillomavirus, and human T-cell leukemia virus type-1) are major contributing factors of skin cancer. There are distinct pathways available through which skin cancer develops, such as the JAKSTAT pathway, Akt pathway, MAPKs signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, to name a few. Currently, several targeted treatments are available, such as monoclonal antibodies, which have dramatically changed the line of treatment of this
disease but possess major therapeutic limitations. Thus, recently many phytochemicals have been evaluated either alone or
in combination with the existing synthetic drugs to overcome their limitations and have found to play a promising role in the
prevention and treatment. In this review, complete tracery of skin cancer, starting from the signaling pathways involved,
newer developed drugs with their targets and limitations along with the emerging role of natural products alone or in combination as potent anticancer agents and their molecular mechanism involved has been discussed. Apart from this, various
nanocargos have also been mentioned here, which can play a significant role in the management and treatment of different
types of skin cancer.
Forsythiaside inhibited titanium particle-induced inflammation via the NF-κB signaling pathway and RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and titanium particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis via JNK, p38, and ERK signaling pathways
