Transition-metal-catalyzed nucleophilic dearomatization of electron-deficient heteroarenes, such as pyridines, quinolines, isoquinolines and nitroindoles, has become a powerful method for the access of unsaturated heterocycles in recent decades. This short review summarizes nucleophilic dearomatization of electron-deficient heteroarenes with carbon- and heteroatom-based nucleophiles via transition-metal catalysis. A great number of functionalized heterocycles were obtained in this transformation. Importantly, many of these reactions were carried out in an enantioselective manner by means of asymmetric catalysis, providing a unique method for the construction of enantioenriched heterocycles.
1 Introduction
2 Transition-metal-catalyzed nucleophilic dearomatization of heteroarenes via alkynylation
3 Transition-metal-catalyzed nucleophilic dearomatization of heteroarenes via arylation
4 Transition-metal-catalyzed nucleophilic dearomatization of heteroarenes with other nucleophiles
5 Transition-metal-catalyzed nucleophilic dearomatization with nucleophiles formed in situ
6 Conclusion and outlook