Comparison of qPCR and amplicon sequencing based methods for fecal source tracking in a mixed land use estuarine watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2108-2123
Author(s):  
Sarah Phelan ◽  
Disha Soni ◽  
William R. Morales Medina ◽  
N. L. Fahrenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Mixed Land Use

Fecal indicator bacteria are commonly used to evaluate water quality and make decisions on designating and restricting use.

scholarly journals Association of Fecal Indicator Bacteria with Human Viruses and Microbial Source Tracking Markers at Coastal Beaches Impacted by Nonpoint Source Pollution

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (18) ◽  
pp. 6423-6432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon McQuaig ◽  
John Griffith ◽  
Valerie J. Harwood
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Microbial Source Tracking ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Human Polyomavirus ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTWater quality was assessed at two marine beaches in California by measuring the concentrations of culturable fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and by library-independent microbial source tracking (MST) methods targeting markers of human-associated microbes (human polyomavirus [HPyV] PCR and quantitative PCR,Methanobrevibacter smithiiPCR, andBacteroidessp. strain HF183 PCR) and a human pathogen (adenovirus by nested PCR). FIB levels periodically exceeded regulatory thresholds at Doheny and Avalon Beaches for enterococci (28.5% and 31.7% of samples, respectively) and fecal coliforms (20% and 5.8%, respectively). Adenoviruses were detected at four of five sites at Doheny Beach and were correlated with detection of HPyVs and humanBacteroidesHF183; however, adenoviruses were not detected at Avalon Beach. The most frequently detected human source marker at both beaches wasBacteroidesHF183, which was detected in 27% of samples. Correlations between FIBs and human markers were much more frequent at Doheny Beach than at Avalon Beach; e.g., adenovirus was correlated with HPyVs and HF183. Human sewage markers and adenoviruses were routinely detected in samples meeting FIB regulatory standards. The toolbox approach of FIB measurement coupled with analysis of several MST markers targeting human pathogens used here demonstrated that human sewage is at least partly responsible for the degradation of water quality, particularly at Doheny Beach, and resulted in a more definitive assessment of recreational water quality and human health risk than reliance on FIB concentrations alone could have provided.

scholarly journals Decay of Fecal Indicator Bacterial Populations and Bovine-Associated Source-Tracking Markers in Freshly Deposited Cow Pats

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelumola Oladeinde ◽  
Thomas Bohrmann ◽  
Kelvin Wong ◽  
S. T. Purucker ◽  
Ken Bradshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decay Rate ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Decay Dynamic

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the survival of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and microbial source-tracking (MST) markers is critical to developing pathogen fate and transport models. Although pathogen survival in water microcosms and manure-amended soils is well documented, little is known about their survival in intact cow pats deposited on pastures. We conducted a study to determine decay rates of fecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coliand enterococci) and bovine-associated MST markers (CowM3, Rum-2-bac, and GenBac) in 18 freshly deposited cattle feces from three farms in northern Georgia. Samples were randomly assigned to shaded or unshaded treatment in order to determine the effects of sunlight, moisture, and temperature on decay rates. A general linear model (GLM) framework was used to determine decay rates. Shading significantly decreased the decay rate of theE. colipopulation (P< 0.0001), with a rate of −0.176 day−1for the shaded treatment and −0.297 day−1for the unshaded treatment. Shading had no significant effect on decay rates of enterococci, CowM3, Rum-2-bac, and GenBac (P> 0.05). In addition,E. colipopulations showed a significant growth rate (0.881 day−1) in the unshaded samples during the first 5 days after deposition. UV-B was the most important parameter explaining the decay rate ofE. colipopulations. A comparison of the decay behaviors among all markers indicated that enterococcus concentrations exhibit a better correlation with the MST markers thanE. coliconcentrations. Our results indicate that bovine-associated MST markers can survive in cow pats for at least 1 month after excretion, and although their decay dynamic differs from the decay dynamic ofE. colipopulations, they seem to be reliable markers to use in combination with enterococci to monitor fecal pollution from pasture lands.

Fecal indicator bacteria from environmental sources; strategies for identification to improve water quality monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 116204
Author(s):  
Megan L. Devane ◽  
Elaine Moriarty ◽  
Louise Weaver ◽  
Adrian Cookson ◽  
Brent Gilpin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Improve Water Quality

scholarly journals Comparison of the Multiple-Sample Means with Composite Sample Results for Fecal Indicator Bacteria by Quantitative PCR and Culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (19) ◽  
pp. 7166-7169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reagan R. Converse ◽  
Larry J. Wymer ◽  
Alfred P. Dufour ◽  
Timothy J. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Composite Sampling ◽  
Multiple Sample

ABSTRACTFew studies have addressed the efficacy of composite sampling for measuring indicator bacteria by quantitative PCR (qPCR). We compared results from composited samples with multiple-sample means for culture- and qPCR-based water quality monitoring. Results from composited samples for both methods were similarly correlated to multiple-sample means and predicted criteria exceedances equally.

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