scholarly journals Studies on the biosynthesis of protein and lipid components of rat liver mitochondria

1967 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
C B Taylor ◽  
E. Bailey ◽  
W Bartley
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Insoluble Protein ◽  
Lipid Components

1. Male rats were injected intraperitoneally with l-[35S]methionine, [32P]-phosphate and [2−14C]acetate. The animals were killed at various times up to 72hr. after injection, and liver mitochondria were prepared and fractionated into soluble protein, insoluble protein and lipid for assay of the radioactivity of each fraction. 2. The maximal specific radioactivity of total mitochondrial phospholipid with respect to both 32P and 14C was attained after approx. 6hr. 3. 32P was incorporated most rapidly into phosphatidylethanolamine, maximal incorporation being attained after approx. 6hr.; maximal incorporation into lecithin occurred after 6–12hr. The specific radioactivity of cardiolipin was still slowly increasing at the end of the experiment (72hr.). 4. There were no major differences between the rates of incorporation of 14C into the lecithin, phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin fractions of mitochondrial phospholipid, maximal incorporation in each case occurring after approx. 6hr. 5. Maximal incorporation of 35S into both soluble and insoluble protein fractions was attained less than 12hr. after injection, the maximal specific radioactivity of soluble protein being higher than that of insoluble protein.

scholarly journals Heparprotective effect of Bergenia crassifolia extract and silymarinat experimental inhibition of β-oxidation of fatty acids causedby 4-pentenioc acid

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
D. V. Shutov
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Metabolic States ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Production System ◽  
Bergenia Crassifolia

The object of this research was to study rat liver bioenergetics at pathology caused by inhibition of β-oxidation of fatty acids against the background of 4-pentenoic acid injection and at silymarin and Bergenia crassifolia extract therapy. The experiment was conducted with 50 nonpedigreed male rats. The functional state of the energy production system was estimated by the polarogaphic method from the rate of oxygen consumption in different Chans metabolic states. At silymarin therapy, increase was observed in the oxidative phosphorylation coupling in all metabolic states. The Bergenia crassifolia extract favored normalization of energy production parameters in rat liver mitochondria more efficiently than silymarint did.

Differences in cholesterol oxidation and biosynthesis in liver of male and female rats

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kritchevsky ◽  
Ezra Staple ◽  
Joseph L. Rabinowitz ◽  
Michael W. Whitehouse
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cholesterol Oxidation ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Oxidized Cholesterol ◽  
Liver Homogenates

Female rat liver mitochondria oxidized cholesterol-26-C14 and sodium pyruvate-2-C14 to C14O2 to a much greater extent (per mg N) than did male rat liver mitochondria. Mitochondrial preparations from livers of castrated, estrogenized or castrated-estrogenized male rats all oxidized cholesterol-26-C14 to a greater extent than did liver preparations from normal male rats. No differences were observed in the oxidation of sodium octanoate-1-C14. The serum and liver cholesterol levels of the feminized rats were higher than those of the intact males. Biosynthesis of cholesterol from sodium acetate-2-C14 by male rat liver homogenates was significantly lower than biosynthesis by liver homogenates from normal female rats or gonadectomized rats of both sexes. The rate of biosynthesis from mevalonic acid-2-C14 by liver homogenates from castrated male rats was much higher than in homogenates of oophorectomized females or intact males or females. Differences in sex or gonadectomy had no effect on biosynthesis of fatty acids from sodium acetate-2-C14.

scholarly journals The effect of inhibitors on the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate by rat liver mitochondria

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Bartley ◽  
B. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Kinetic Characteristics ◽  
Mitochondrial Content ◽  
Pep Carboxykinase ◽  
Effect Of Inhibitors

1. Rat liver mitochondria oxidizing malate produce PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate) without the addition of ATP or other nucleotides. 2. The addition of oligomycin in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol did not abolish PEP formation and in some instances stimulated its formation. 3. Formation of PEP was inhibited by arsenate. 4. Arsenite decreased PEP formation and caused accumulation of pyruvate. 5. Added GTP and ITP had no effect on PEP formation. 6. PEP formed from malate in the presence of GTP and labelled Pi had a specific radioactivity approximately the same as the Pi with no contribution from the phosphate of the added GTP. 7. There was no parallelism between the effects of inhibitors on PEP formation from malate and their effects on the assayed activity of PEP carboxykinase. 8. In a direct comparison it was shown that the PEP carboxykinase content of mitochondria was insufficient to account for the PEP formation from malate. 9. Consideration of the kinetic characteristics of PEP carboxykinase and mitochondrial content of oxaloacetate and GTP show that this enzyme cannot account for the PEP formed from malate by mitochondria.

scholarly journals The formation of cholest-5-ene-3β,26-diol as an intermediate in the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids by liver mitochondria

1972 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Mitropoulos ◽  
M. D. Avery ◽  
N. B. Myant ◽  
G. F. Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Incubation Mixture ◽  
Enoic Acid ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Acid Addition ◽  
Endogenous Cholesterol

1. When [14C]cholesterol was incubated with rat liver mitochondria, radioactive 26-hydroxycholesterol, 3β-hydroxychol-5-enoic acid and other bile acids were isolated from the incubation mixture. 2. In the absence of added 26-hydroxycholesterol, the specific radioactivity of the 26-hydroxycholesterol formed from [14C]cholesterol during the incubation was higher than that of the 3β-hydroxychol-5-enoic acid. Addition of increasing amounts of 26-hydroxycholesterol led to a progressive fall in the specific radioactivity, and to a progressive increase in the mass, of the 3β-hydroxychol-5-enoic acid recovered at the end of the incubation. 3. It is concluded that 26-hydroxycholesterol is an intermediate in the formation of 3β-hydroxychol-5-enoic acid from cholesterol. 4. Comparison of the specific radioactivity of the 26-hydroxycholesterol formed in the incubation mixture with that of the added [14C]cholesterol indicates that endogenous cholesterol in mitochondria is accessible to cholesterol 26-hydroxylase.

Effects of 5-5'-Diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) and Thyroxine on the Ultrastructure and Chemical Composition of Rat Liver

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 570-571
Author(s):  
E. A. Elfont ◽  
R. B. Tobin ◽  
D. G. Colton ◽  
M. A. Mehlman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Effective Inhibitor ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary5,-5'-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) is an effective inhibitor of thyroxine (T4) stimulation of α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in rat liver mitochondria. Because this finding indicated a possible tool for future study of the mode of action of thyroxine, the ultrastructural and biochemical effects of DPTH and/or thyroxine on rat liver mere investigated.Rats were fed either standard or DPTH (0.06%) diet for 30 days before T4 (250 ug/kg/day) was injected. Injection of T4 occurred daily for 10 days prior to sacrifice. After removal of the liver and kidneys, part of the tissue was frozen at -50°C for later biocheailcal analyses, while the rest was prefixed in buffered 3.5X glutaraldehyde (390 mOs) and post-fixed in buffered 1Z OsO4 (376 mOs). Tissues were embedded in Araldlte 502 and the sections examined in a Zeiss EM 9S.Hepatocytes from hyperthyroid rats (Fig. 2) demonstrated enlarged and more numerous mitochondria than those of controls (Fig. 1). Glycogen was almost totally absent from the cytoplasm of the T4-treated rats.

Energy and Antioxidant Status of Rat Liver Mitochondria during Hypoxia- Reoxygenation of Different Duration

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-361
Author(s):  
Olga A. Gonchar ◽  
Valentina I. Nosar ◽  
Larisa. V. Bratus ◽  
I. N. Tymchenko ◽  
N. N. Steshenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation
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