Transport of Oxalic Acid, Glycollic Acid, Glyoxylic Acid and Benzoic Acid by Resealed Erythrocyte ‘Ghosts’ Prepared by a Dialysis Technique

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 958-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY R. HUBBARD ◽  
ULRICH SPRANDEL ◽  
RONALD A. CHALMERS
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Erythrocyte Ghosts ◽  
Glycollic Acid ◽  
Dialysis Technique

CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF THE C12(γ,n)C11 REACTION IN CARBONATES

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Edwards ◽  
K. J. McCallum
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Photoneutron Reaction ◽  
Carbonate Carbon ◽  
Chemical Effects ◽  
Glycollic Acid

The chemical effects following the carbon photoneutron reaction in calcium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate have been studied. After solution of the irradiated crystals, C11 was found to be present in the forms of carbonate, carbon monoxide, formic acid, oxalic acid, glyoxylic acid, and glycollic acid. The relative amounts of C11 appearing in each form agreed closely with those found previously for irradiations of solid sodium carbonate.

scholarly journals I. On some compounds and derivatives of glyoxylic acid

1863 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 429-430
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Benzylic Alcohol ◽  
Derivatives Of

Glyoxylic acid contains one atom of oxygen less than oxalic acid, and may be considered as glycolic acid minus two atoms of hydrogen. It therefore bears to these two acids the same relation that oil of bitter almonds does to benzoic acid and benzylic alcohol. On another occasion it has been shown to possess other properties in common with hydride of benzoyl.

scholarly journals Oxidation of Glyoxylic Acid to Oxalic Acid by Glycolic Acid Oxidase

1961 ◽  
Vol 236 (5) ◽  
pp. 1280-1284
Author(s):  
K.E. Richardson ◽  
N.E. Tolbert
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Acid Oxidase

In Vitro Adsorption of Oxalic Acid and Glyoxylic Acid onto Activated Charcoal, Resins and Hydrous Zirconium Oxide

1982 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Scholtens ◽  
J. Scholten ◽  
H.W.M. de Koning ◽  
J. Tijssen ◽  
H.W.M. ten Hoopen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Primary Hyperoxaluria ◽  
Hydrous Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Hydrous Zirconium

Patients suffering from primary hyperoxaluria show elevated plasma concentrations of oxalic acid and glyoxylic acid. The in vitro adsorption of these compounds onto activated charcoal, a series of neutral and ion exchange resins and onto hydrous zirconium oxide has been investigated. Hydrous zirconium oxide was the most effective sorbent studied for the removal of both oxalic acid and glyoxylic acid. In batch experiments, the zirconium oxide was capable of binding 5.5 μ mol oxalic acid and 8 μ mol glyoxylic acid per gram sorbent using 0.5 gram sorbent and 50 ml of solutions with initial concentrations of 100 μ mol. L−1 and an ionic composition resembling that of plasma. Recirculation of 2 L of the same solutions through 12 gram of a mixture of hydrous zirconium oxide and alumina for 6 hours at a flow rate of 12 ml.min−1, resulted in a final concentration of 70 μ mol. L−1 of oxalic acid and 50 μ mol. L−/ of glyoxylic acid.

OXIDATION OF WHEAT STARCH WITH ALKALINE HYPOCHLORITE

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Eisenbraun ◽  
C. B. Purves
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
First Order ◽  
Tartronic Acid

The starch was oxidized with 5.5 base molar equivalents of 0.43 M calcium hypochlorite kept near pH 12 and 20°. The rate of oxidation was consistent with the occurrence of two first-order reactions differing in rate by a factor of 10, the more rapid of which consumed about 4 moles of hypochlorite for each C6H10O5 unit actually oxidized. Oxalic acid (0.2 mole) and perhaps carbonic acid [Formula: see text] were formed directly, but it was necessary to hydrolyze the product in order to liberate D-glucose (0.4 mole), glyoxylic acid (0.03 mole), D-erythronic acid (0.11 mole), mesotartaric acid (0.02 mole), D-tartaric acid (0.02 mole), L-tartaric acid (0.01 mole), D-glucuronic acid (0.004 mole), and probably tartronic acid [Formula: see text].

scholarly journals Organic-acid transport in resealed haemoglobin-containing human erythrocyte ‘ghosts’

1980 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Hubbard ◽  
U Sprandel ◽  
R A Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Aliphatic Acid ◽  
Erythrocyte Ghosts ◽  
Cinnamic Acids ◽  
Efflux Transport ◽  
External Concentration ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
Organic Acid Transport

The transport of organic acids across the membrane of resealed haemoglobin-containing erythrocyte ‘ghosts’ prepared by a dialysis technique has been studied. The present work forms part of studies directed towards the use of erythrocyte cellular carriers in enzyme-replacement therapy of inherited metabolic diseases. Oxalic acid, glycollic acid and glyoxylic acid were taken as representative of aliphatic acids of low molecular mass and benzoic and cinnamic acids as representative of unsubstituted aromatic acids. These selected acids are important in the diseases with which the present work is concerned. Comparison of influx and efflux transport characteristics showed that erythrocyte ‘ghosts’ retain transport properties closely similar to those of normal erythrocytes. Rapid transport was observed with all organic acids studied and there was a linear relationship between initial amount of influx and external concentration of aliphatic acid. Saturation of the transport system was not observed up to 1 mM external concentration, and the presence of plasma in the external medium had no effect on transport characteristics. Transport in intact erythrocytes and prepared erythrocyte ‘ghosts’ from patients with hyperoxaluria was also studied.

Transport of Uric Acid and l-Phenylalanine by Resealed Erythrocyte ‘Ghosts’ Prepared by a Dialysis Technique

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 957-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
ULRICH SPRANDEL ◽  
ANTHONY R. HUBBARD ◽  
RONALD A. CHALMERS
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Erythrocyte Ghosts ◽  
Dialysis Technique
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