Evidence for an Unidentified, Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone-Dependent Mineralocorticoid Maintaining Hypertension in Young Women with Hypoaldosteronism

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 271s-274s
Author(s):  
W. H. L. Hoefnagels ◽  
J. I. M. Drayer ◽  
J. A. Hofman ◽  
A. G. H. Smals ◽  
TH. J. Benraad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Low Renin Hypertension ◽  
Characteristic Features

1. Pronounced hypoaldosteronism was found in five young women with low-renin hypertension and characteristic features of the mineralocorticoid hypertensive syndrome. 2. There was no overproduction of the mineralocorticoids 11-deoxycorticosterone and 18-OH-11-deoxycorticosterone. 3. Dexamethasone restored blood pressure to normal, decreased body weight, increased plasma potassium, and increased plasma renin activity and aldosterone excretion in all patients. 4. The data suggest overproduction of an unknown adrenocorticotrophic hormone-dependent mineralocorticoid maintaining hypertension in these patients.

Plasma Renin in Long-Term Diuretic Treatment of Hypertension: Effect of Discontinuation and Restarting Therapy

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Swart ◽  
R. F. Bing ◽  
J. D. Swales ◽  
H. Thurston
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Diuretic Treatment ◽  
Low Renin Hypertension ◽  
Before And After

1. Plasma renin activity, body weight and blood pressure were measured before and after 7 days' treatment with bendrofluazide in ten hypertensive subjects. They were then treated with bendrofluazide alone (5 mg daily) for a minimum of 3 years. The diuretic was then discontinued and the measurements were repeated before and again after 7 days with bendrofluazide. The results were compared with those obtained before chronic treatment with the diuretic. 2. Chronic diuretic treatment was associated with a persistent and progressive rise in plasma renin activity, that fell promptly to pretreatment levels when diuretics were discontinued. This was associated with significant weight gain but no immediate significant rise in blood pressure. 3. When acutely challenged with bendrofluazide the patients showed a greater increase in plasma renin activity on the second occasion than on the first. Three out of five patients with an initially subnormal response had normal responses after chronic diuretic treatment. 4. Chronic diuretic treatment increased the responsiveness of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in some hypertensive patients. 5. Classification of hypertensive patients into renin subgroups may be influenced by previous therapy, even when that therapy has been discontinued for 4 weeks. In particular ‘low renin hypertension’ may be masked by recent use of diuretics, as shown by three of the five patients in this subgroup in the present study.

Influence of Family History of Hypertension on the Relationships between Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Electrolyte Metabolism, Renin, Prolactin and Parathormone

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 359s-362s ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Wessels ◽  
D. Hoffmann ◽  
H. Wagner ◽  
H. Zumkley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Family History ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

1. The influence of family history of hypertension on the relationships between blood pressure, relative body weight, sodium/creatinine ratio of the 24 h urine, plasma renin activity and the plasma concentration of prolactin and parathormone were examined in 102 healthy male students. 2. Grouping together results from all students showed significant positive correlations between systolic blood pressure and prolactin, parathormone as well as relative body weight, between plasma renin activity and prolactin and a significant negative correlation between plasma renin activity and sodium/creatinine ratio of the 24 h urine. 3. By dividing the students into two groups according to their family history of hypertension we could demonstrate in those with family history of hypertension a highly significant positive correlation between mean blood pressure and sodium/creatinine ratio of the 24 h urine and an improvement of the correlations between systolic blood pressure and prolactin and between sodium/creatinine ratio of the 24 h urine and plasma renin activity. In students without family history of hypertension these relationships were no longer detectable. In the students without family history of hypertension the correlations between systolic blood pressure and relative body weight as well as between plasma renin activity and prolactin gained substantially in significance. In students with positive family history of hypertension these correlations could no longer be demonstrated. The correlations between systolic blood pressure and parathormone remained unaffected by family history of hypertension. 4. The results suggest that a genetic predisposition to essential hypertension is able to intensify the blood pressure effect of Na intake and of prolactin, which, besides its function as a sex hormone, is presumed additionally to be able to retain salt. However, the positive relationship between body weight and blood pressure, as well as between plasma renin activity and prolactin, the significance of which increases greatly in subjects without family history of hypertension, appears to be lost as the result of the increased sensitivity to salt in positive family history of hypertension.

Role of Prostaglandin in the Antihypertensive Mechanism of Captopril in Low Renin Hypertension

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 141s-144s ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishi Abe ◽  
Toru Ito ◽  
Makito Sato ◽  
Toshiaki Haruyama ◽  
KO Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Endogenous Prostaglandin ◽  
Low Renin Hypertension ◽  
Prostaglandin System

1. The role of endogenous prostaglandins in the antihypertensive mechanism of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, was investigated. 2. An unequivocal reduction in blood pressure and significant increase in plasma renin activity and urinary prostaglandin E excretion were found after the captopril administration. 3. The changes in blood pressure, plasma renin activity and urinary prostaglandin E excretion induced by captopril were reversed after the inhibition of endogenous prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin. However, the responses in low renin hypertension were different from those in normal renin hypertension. 4. In low renin hypertensive patients who responded to captopril, the hypotensive effect was abolished after the addition of indomethacin, whereas no marked change in blood pressure was induced by indomethacin in normal renin hypertensive patients. In contrast, plasma renin activity was markedly increased after captopril administration in normal renin hypertension, and no significant change was found in low renin hypertension. 5. Potentiation of the prostaglandin system seems to be a principal factor in the antihypertensive mechanism of captopril in low renin hypertension, and inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system is important in normal renin hypertensives. 6. The increase in renin release after the administration of captopril was inhibited by indomethacin, suggesting that an endogenous prostaglandin system may contribute to the short feedback mechanism of renin release.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF HEMODYNAMIC AND METABOLIC INDICATORS IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND CONCOMITANT OBESITY DEPENDING ON PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
V.H. Psarova ◽  
M.M. Kochuieva ◽  
G.I. Kochuiev
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Stress System ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Serum Aldosterone ◽  
Low Renin Hypertension ◽  
Automated Methods

The aim of the research: to evaluate the effect of plasma renin activity on the state of hemodynamic and neurohumoral parameters in obese hypertensive patients. Anthropometric, biochemical, automated methods of immune analysis, spectrophotometric, instrumental, statistical methods were used to examine 200 hypertensive patients with class I–II obesity aged 45–55 years. Patients were divided into two groups depending on plasma renin activity: the first group included 21 patients with low-renin hypertension, the second – 179 patients with high-renin hypertension. Patients with HRAH had higher blood pressure BP (DBP, p = 0.004, SBP and mean blood pressure, p<0.001 for both indicators), higher CIMT bifurcation (p = 0.003) and cPWV (p = 0.023), larger size of the left ventricle and its MM (p = 0.039) compared with patients with LRAH. The HRAH was associated with a more pronounced imbalance of the oxidative stress system – antioxidant protection, higher levels of leptin, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. In the absence of differences in glycemic levels, patients with HRAH had significantly higher insulin levels and more pronounced IR, as assessed by the HOMA index. Patients with low plasma renin activity had significantly lower serum aldosterone levels with significantly higher ARR levels than patients with high plasma renin activity. Features of cardiovascular remodeling and neurohumoral status depending on the phenotype of hypertension in patients with concomitant obesity have been established.

Effect of salt depletion and propranolol on blood pressure and plasma renin activity in various forms of hypertension.

1975 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
G G Geyskes ◽  
P Boer ◽  
J Vos ◽  
F H Leenen ◽  
E J Mees
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Salt Depletion

Enhancement of the Antihypertensive Effect of Hydrochlorothiazide in Dogs after Suppression of Renin Release by Beta-Adrenergic Blockade

1975 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
C. S. Sweet ◽  
M. Mandradjieff
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Renin Release ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Arterial Blood

1. Renal hypertensive dogs were treated with hydrochlorothiazide (8−2 μmol/kg or 33 μmol/kg daily for 7 days), or timolol (4.6 μmol/kg daily for 4 days), a potent β-adrenergic blocking agent, or combinations of these drugs). Changes in mean arterial blood pressure and plasma renin activity were measured over the treatment period. 2. Neither drug significantly lowered arterial blood pressure when administered alone. Plasma renin activity, which did not change during treatment with timolol, was substantially elevated during treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. 3. When timolol was administered concomitantly with hydrochlorothiazide, plasma renin activity was suppressed and blood pressure was significantly lowered. 4. These observations suggest that compensatory activation of the renin-angiotensin system limits the antihypertensive activity of hydrochlorothiazide in renal hypertensive dogs and suppression of diuretic-induced renin release by timolol unmasks the antihypertensive effect of the diuretic.

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