Differential Effects of Selective and Non-Selective Prostaglandin-Synthesis Inhibition on the Pharmacological Responses to Captopril in Patients with Essential Hypertension

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 261s-263s ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Salvetti ◽  
R. Pedrinelli ◽  
A. Magagna ◽  
P. Ugenti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Antihypertensive Action ◽  
Renal Prostaglandins ◽  
Serum Thromboxane ◽  
Significant Increment

1. The finding that sulindac, in contrast to indomethacin, does not inhibit renal prostaglandins synthesis in humans, prompted us to study the role that systemic and/or renal prostaglandins can play in the pharmacological responses to captopril. According to a randomized cross-over design, we compared the short-term (1 week) effect of indomethacin (50 mg twice daily) and of sulindac (200 mg twice daily) on blood pressure, plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), serum thromboxane (TX) B2 and urinary 6-keto PGF1α of five essential hypertensive patients on chronic treatment with captopril (100-200 mg twice daily). 2. Indomethacin significantly increased systolic (P < 0.02) and diastolic (P < 0.02) blood pressure, decreased PRA (P < 0.05), serum TXB2 (P < 0.001) and urinary 6-keto PGF1α (P < 0.001) and did not change ACE. 3. Sulindac reduced PRA (P < 0.02) and serum TXB2 (P < 0.001) to the same extent as indomethacin, but it did not change ACE and urinary 6-keto PGF1α, and caused only a small and significant increment of blood pressure. 4. These preliminary findings confirm that sulindac selectivity inhibits prostaglandins synthesis and seem to indicate that renal PGI2 can play a role in the antihypertensive action of captopril.

Differential effects of sulindac and indomethacin on blood pressure in treated essential hypertensive subjects

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. B. Puddey ◽  
L. J. Beilin ◽  
R. Vandongen ◽  
R. Banks ◽  
I. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor ◽  
Pressor Effect ◽  
Oxygenase Activity ◽  
Serum Thromboxane

1. Attenuation of the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy by non-steroidal antiinflammatory (NSAI) drugs has been attributed to inhibition of systemic or renal vasodilator prostaglandin synthesis, or a combination of both. 2. Indomethacin is a NSAI drug with both renal and extrarenal cyclo-oxygenase inhibition properties. Sulindac is a relatively selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor said not to affect urinary prostaglandin excretion. 3. This study examines the relative effect on blood pressure of 4 weeks' treatment, with indomethacin 25 mg three times daily and sulindac 200 mg twice daily, in a randomized placebo controlled trial in 26 hypertensive subjects. 4. In nine patients treated with indomethacin, supine blood pressure rose 11 mmHg systolic and 4 mmHg diastolic by the end of the first week, whereas nine subjects treated with sulindac showed a fall in blood pressure similar to the trend seen in placebo-treated subjects. 5. Indomethacin treatment inhibited renal cyclo-oxygenase with a 78% reduction in urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion and 89% suppression of plasma renin activity. Neither measurement was affected by sulindac. Extrarenal cyclo-oxygenase activity was inhibited by both indomethacin and sulindac with serum thromboxane B2 decreasing by 96% and 69% respectively. 6. The results suggest that the pressor effect of NSAI drugs is predominantly related to renal cyclo-oxygenase inhibition. The lack of effect of sulindac on blood pressure may make it a safer therapeutic option if NSAI drug therapy is necessary in the hypertensive patient.

Effects of 12 weeks of aerobic versus combined aerobic plus resistance exercise training on short-term blood pressure variability in patients with hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085-1092
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Caminiti ◽  
Ferdinando Iellamo ◽  
Annalisa Mancuso ◽  
Anna Cerrito ◽  
Matteo Montano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Combined Exercise ◽  
Resistance Exercises

Combined exercise training (CT) including aerobic plus resistance exercises could be more effective in comparison with aerobic exercise (AT) alone in reducing blood pressure variability (BPV) in hypertensive patients. We report that CT was indeed more effective than AT in reducing short-term BPV, and both exercise modalities reduced BP levels to the same extent. CT appears to be a more appropriate exercise modality if the objective is to reduce BPV in addition to BP levels.

P0152EFFECT OF LOSARTAN ON AMBULATORY SHORT-TERM BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR REMODELING IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Azuma
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Cardiovascular Remodeling

Abstract Background and Aims Previous studies have shown increases in ambulatory short-term blood pressure (BP) variability to be related to cardiovascular disease. In this study, we examined whether an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker losartan would improve ambulatory short-term BP variability in hypertensive patients on hemodialysis. Method 40 hypertensive patients on hemodialysis therapy were randomly assigned to the losartan treatment group (n=20) or the control treatment group (n=20). At baseline and 6 and 12 months after the treatment, 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring was performed. Echocardiography and measurements of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and biochemical parameters were also performed before and after therapy. Results After 6- and 12-months of treatment, nighttime short-term BP variability, assessed on the basis of the coefficient of variation of ambulatory BP, was significantly decreased in the losartan group, but remained unchanged in the control group. Compared with the control group, losartan significantly decreased left ventricular mass index (LVMI), baPWV, and the plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide and advanced glycation end products (AGE). Furthermore, multiple regression analysis showed significant correlations between changes in LVMI and changes in nighttime short-term BP variability, as well as between changes in LVMI and changes in the plasma levels of AGE. Conclusion These results suggest that losartan is beneficial for the suppression of pathological cardiovascular remodeling though its inhibitory effect on ambulatory short-term BP variability during nighttime.

Sodium and Renin in the Hypertension of Early Renal Disease

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 301s-303s ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Wong ◽  
M. I. Mitchell ◽  
V. Robson ◽  
R. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Body Build ◽  
Activity Response ◽  
Normal Controls

1. Plasma renin activity, response to saralasin and exchangeable sodium have been measured in 43 patients with early renal disease. 2. Blood pressure was directly proportional to plasma renin activity. However, mean plasma renin activity was lower in patients with renal disease than in normal controls. 3. Blood pressure fell in response to saralasin infusion in proportion to the pre-infusion plasma renin activity. 4. Exchangeable sodium in hypertensive patients with renal disease did not exceed that in normotensive patients in contrast to earlier reports. Discrepancies may arise from the difficulty in interpreting measured exchangeable sodium in relation to body build.

Endogenous Digoxin-Like Immunoreactive Factor and Digitalislike Factor Associated with the Hypertension of Patients Receiving Multiple Alkylating Agents as Part of Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Graves ◽  
J. Paul Eder ◽  
Susan M. Schryber ◽  
Kiran Sharma ◽  
Anne Brena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Autologous Bone

1. Hypertension is a complication of autologous bone marrow transplantation when therapy includes multiple alkylating agents. We have sought to identify the factors underlying this hypertension. We measured weight, serum creatinine, plasma renin activity, aldosterone and digoxin-like immunoreactive factor (DL1F), by digoxin radioimmunoassay, in 18 patients. Plasma catecholamines were also measured in five patients. 2. Of the 18 patients studied, 15 became hypertensive. The variable most consistently associated with these individuals' hypertension was DLIF activity which was increased in 14 of the 15 hypertensive patients (P = 0.055, Fisher exact test). Serum creatinine was increased at some point in seven of the 15 hypertensive patients, weight was increased in five and plasma renin activity and aldosterone were increased in one. Catecholamines were not increased in any of the five patients in which they were measured. 3. The association between changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and changes in DL1F for the group as a whole was assessed by analysing one data pair per patient, representing the maximal MAP. This correlation was significant (r = 0.75, P = 0.001). 4. Within individual patients, changes in MAP and changes in serum DLIF concentrations were significantly correlated (r > 0.50, P < 0.05) in six of 15 hypertensive patients. 5. Digitalis-like factor (DLF) was measured by inhibition of (Na+,K+)-adenosine 5′-triphosphatase in five patients and DLF and DLIF were significantly correlated (r = 0.81, P = 0.0001). DLF and MAP were also significantly correlated (r = 0.59, P = 0.002). 6. This represents the first longitudinal study of the relationship between DLIF and blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, and the results suggest that DLIF may contribute to the increased blood pressure in some of these subjects.

Significance of Increase in Labelled Albumin Disappearance Rate in Arterial Hypertension

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 211s-213s
Author(s):  
M. Ulrych ◽  
Z. Ulrych
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Disappearance Rate ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Volume Blood ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Normotensive Control

1. Relationships between labelled albumin disappearance rate (LADR), plasma volume, blood volume, plasma renin activity (PRA) and blood pressure (BP) were studied in normotensive control subjects and patients with hypertension of different aetiology and severity. In essential hypertensive patients without complications an inverse linear relationship was found between blood pressure and plasma or blood volume. 2. Very close inverse correlations were found between LADR and PRA in both normotensive subjects and patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension. LADR appears to be an excellent reference standard for PRA. 3. It is postulated that LADR mainly reflects the relation between circulating fluid and vascular capacitance tone. LADR is increased in hypertension and blood volume may still be inappropriately high.

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