Use of Visual Feedback to Treat Negative Intraoral Air Pressures of Preschoolers With Cochlear Implants

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen B. Higgins ◽  
Elizabeth A. McCleary ◽  
Laura Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
The Other ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Before And After

The primary purpose of this study was to determine if negative intraoral air pressures (−P o ) produced by young deaf children can be treated effectively with visual feedback. We used two forms of visual feedback. One was a display of the P o signal on an oscilloscope, and the other was movement of cellophane streamers placed in front of the children’s mouths. Participants were two 5-year-old boys who had been using cochlear implants (CIs) for less than 6 months. Both children were congenitally deafened and had very limited speech production and perception skills. In addition to frequent usage of −P o , both children exhibited deviant phonatory behaviors, so phonatory goals were incorporated into treatment. The magnitude and direction of P o was monitored, as well as fundamental frequency and electroglottograph cycle width. Data were collected at baseline, before and after treatment sessions, and 7 weeks after termination of treatment. One child responded well to treatment of −P o with both forms of visual feedback, and progress was maintained at follow-up. For the other child, +P o occurred more frequently as the study progressed, and he rarely produced −P o by the end of the investigation. However, because changes were evident in baseline as well as during treatment, it is difficult to attribute his more frequent use of +P o specifically to treatment. The phonation of the two children changed in ways that were consistent with their phonatory goals, although the degree of change was not always significant. Change was more evident for phonatory behaviors that could be shaped with visual feedback. Although both children exhibited some undesirable speech/voice behaviors in response to visual feedback, there was no evidence of long-lasting mislearning. Although our data are limited, it appears that treatment of −P o can be efficacious for some young children with CIs, even those with very poor speech perception and speech production skills. Further, treatment of −P o can be incorporated effectively with other speech production goals.

scholarly journals Impact of Cochlear Implant on Auditory and Speech Perception, and Language Development in Prelingual Deaf Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Abu Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Profound Deafness ◽  
The Impact

Profound deafness during childhood affects the normal development of auditory and speech perception, speech production, and language skills. Cochlear implants (CIs) have revolutionized the scenario of rehabilitation of profoundly deaf individuals. A prelingual deaf is one who is congenitally deaf or whose hearing loss occurred before speech development. The current review was undertaken to assess the impact of cochlear implants (CIs) in prelingual deaf children on their hearing and speech perception, speech production and language development.

Performance after cochlear implantation: a comparison of children deafened by meningitis and congenitally deaf children

2000 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Mitchell ◽  
C. Psarros ◽  
P. Pegg ◽  
M. Rennie ◽  
W. P. R. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Significant Difference

The speech perception and speech production performance following cochlear implantation of congenitally deaf children and children deafened by meningitis were analysed. Three groups consisting of 70 congenitally deaf children, 22 children deafened by meningitis before two years of age and 14 children deafened by meningitis after two years of age were compared. The group deafened by meningitis after two years of age demonstrated significantly better speech perception than the other two groups. Their speech production appeared better but did not achieve statistical significance compared with the other two groups. There was no significant difference in either speech perception or speech production between the congenitally deaf group and the group deafened by meningitis before two years of age.

scholarly journals Impact of Cochlear Implant on Auditory and Speech Perception and Language Development in Prelingual Deaf Children.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Profound Deafness ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Profound deafness during childhood affects the normal development of auditory and speech perception, speech production and language skills. Cochlear implants (CIs) have revolutionized the scenario of rehabilitation of profoundly deaf individuals. A prelingual deaf is one who is congenitally deaf or whose hearing loss occurred before speech development. The current review was undertaken to assess the impact of cochlear implants (CIs) in prelingual deaf children on their hearing and speech perception, speech production and language development.

scholarly journals Phonological Awareness and Print Knowledge of Preschool Children With Cochlear Implants

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie E. Ambrose ◽  
Marc E. Fey ◽  
Laurie S. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Print Knowledge ◽  
Age Appropriate

PurposeTo determine whether preschool-age children with cochlear implants have age-appropriate phonological awareness and print knowledge and to examine the relationships of these skills with related speech and language abilities.MethodThe sample comprised 24 children with cochlear implants (CIs) and 23 peers with normal hearing (NH), ages 36 to 60 months. Children's print knowledge, phonological awareness, language, speech production, and speech perception abilities were assessed.ResultsFor phonological awareness, the CI group's mean score fell within one standard deviation of the Test of Preschool Early Literacy's (Lonigan, Wagner, Torgesen, & Rashotte, 2007) normative sample mean but was more than one standard deviation below the NH group mean. The CI group's performance did not differ significantly from that of the NH group for print knowledge. For the CI group, phonological awareness and print knowledge were significantly correlated with language, speech production, and speech perception. Together these predictor variables accounted for 34% of variance in the CI group's phonological awareness but no significant variance in their print knowledge.ConclusionsChildren with CIs have the potential to develop age-appropriate early literacy skills by preschool age but are likely to lag behind their NH peers in phonological awareness. Intervention programs serving these children should target these skills with instruction and by facilitating speech and language development.

scholarly journals Speech production in prelingually deaf children with cochlear implants: Formant analysis of japanese vowels

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-305
Author(s):  
Satoko Kasai ◽  
Norihito Takeichi ◽  
Nobuyuki Obara ◽  
Noriko Nishizawa ◽  
Eiko Tamashige ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Formant Analysis ◽  
Prelingually Deaf

Comparison of speech perception abilities in deaf children with hearing aids or cochlear implants

1991 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Miyamoto ◽  
Mary Joe Osberger ◽  
Amy M. Robbins ◽  
Wendy A. Myres ◽  
Kathy Kessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Deaf Children

Speech perception by prelingually deaf children using cochlear implants

1997 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
R TYLER ◽  
H FRYAUFBERTSCHY ◽  
D KELSAY ◽  
B GANTZ ◽  
G WOODWORTH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Prelingually Deaf

scholarly journals Intracochlear Position of Cochlear Implants Determined Using CT Scanning versus Fitting Levels: Higher Threshold Levels at Basal Turn

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feddo B. van der Beek ◽  
Jeroen J. Briaire ◽  
Kim S. van der Marel ◽  
Berit M. Verbist ◽  
Johan H.M. Frijns
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Electrode Position ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Threshold Levels ◽  
Lower Amplitude ◽  
Standard Profile

Objectives: In this study, the effects of the intracochlear position of cochlear implants on the clinical fitting levels were analyzed. Design: A total of 130 adult subjects who used a CII/HiRes 90K cochlear implant with a HiFocus 1/1J electrode were included in the study. The insertion angle and the distance to the modiolus of each electrode contact were determined using high-resolution CT scanning. The threshold levels (T-levels) and maximum comfort levels (M-levels) at 1 year of follow-up were determined. The degree of speech perception of the subjects was evaluated during routine clinical follow-up. Results: The depths of insertion of all the electrode contacts were determined. The distance to the modiolus was significantly smaller at the basal and apical cochlear parts compared with that at the middle of the cochlea (p < 0.05). The T-levels increased toward the basal end of the cochlea (3.4 dB). Additionally, the M-levels, which were fitted in our clinic using a standard profile, also increased toward the basal end, although with a lower amplitude (1.3 dB). Accordingly, the dynamic range decreased toward the basal end (2.1 dB). No correlation was found between the distance to the modiolus and the T-level or the M-level. Furthermore, the correlation between the insertion depth and stimulation levels was not affected by the duration of deafness, age at implantation or the time since implantation. Additionally, the T-levels showed a significant correlation with the speech perception scores (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The stimulation levels of the cochlear implants were affected by the intracochlear position of the electrode contacts, which were determined using postoperative CT scanning. Interestingly, these levels depended on the insertion depth, whereas the distance to the modiolus did not affect the stimulation levels. The T-levels increased toward the basal end of the cochlea. The level profiles were independent of the overall stimulation levels and were not affected by the biographical data of the patients, such as the duration of deafness, age at implantation or time since implantation. Further research is required to elucidate how fitting using level profiles with an increase toward the basal end of the cochlea benefits speech perception. Future investigations may elucidate an explanation for the effects of the intracochlear electrode position on the stimulation levels and might facilitate future improvements in electrode design.

scholarly journals Functional-and-behavior communicative approaches in linguistics

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-536
Author(s):  
Vadim B. Kasevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Infinite Number ◽  
The Other ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Per Se ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Number Of Iterations

Linguists are increasingly turning to approaches that say that language has no phonology per se, but one should speak about the phonology of speech production, speech perception and language acquisition. The same applies to morphology, syntax and smaller structures in the general architectonics of language/speech grammar. Nowadays, there is no descriptionof grammar/phonology that would illustrate this logic. In the most general way, these approaches can be designated as behavioristic. It is argued here that oblivion of the principles of classical linguistics results in contradictions, unsolvable theoretical problems and delusions. Appeal to phonetics in the narrow sense of the term is unavoidable in modeling speech production, when reproducing from the “meaning to text” transition. The meaning is obviously immaterial, but the same cannot be said about the text. Another transition that in recent years began to be dealt with in linguistic literature on a par with Lev Shcherba’s “aspects”, is “text to language system”. The point of departure here is not easy to define, especially in the case of a natural speech. Two solutions are possible, one based on Chomsky’s postulation of the innate character of language, the other admitting a kind of recursive mechanism capable of “self-expanding” as a result of an infinite number of iterations. As a solution, a combination of two levels may be proposed, prehonological and phonological (resp. semantic and presemantic) which will be resonsible for both transitions.

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