Polysaccharolytic activities of bacterial enzymes that degrade the cell walls of Pythium porphyrae, a causative fungus of red rot disease in Porphyra yezoensis

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
ETSUSHI KITAMURA ◽  
HISASHI MYOUGA ◽  
YUTO KAMEI
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Porphyra Yezoensis ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Bacterial Enzymes ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Causative Fungus

Forecasting infections of the red rot disease on Porphyra yezoensis Ueda (Rhodophyta) cultivation farms

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Sun Park ◽  
Makoto Kakinuma ◽  
Hideomi Amano
Keyword(s):  
Porphyra Yezoensis ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals A pathogen of New Zealand Pyropia plicata (Bangiales, Rhodophyta), Pythium porphyrae (Oomycota)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Diehl ◽  
GH Kim ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
Rot Disease

© 2017 The Korean Society of Phycology. Geographic distributions of pathogens are affected by dynamic processes involving host susceptibility, availability and abundance. An oomycete, Pythium porphyrae, is the causative agent of red rot disease, which plagues Pyropia farms in Korea and Japan almost every year and causes serious economic damage. We isolated an oomycete pathogen infecting Pyropia plicata from a natural population in Wellington, New Zealand. The pathogen was identified as Pythium porphyrae using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA cistron molecular markers. Susceptibility test showed that this Pythium from New Zealand was able to infect several different species and genera of Bangiales including Pyropia but is not able to infect their sporophytic (conchocelis) phases. The sequences of the isolated New Zealand strain were also identical to Pythium chondricola from Korea and the type strain from the Netherlands. Genetic species delimitation analyses found no support for separating P. porphyrae from P. chondricola, nor do we find morphological characters to distinguish them. We propose that Pythium chondricola be placed in synonymy with P. porphyrae. It appears that the pathogen of Pyropia, both in aquaculture in the northern hemisphere and in natural populations in the southern hemisphere is one species.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Insights into Innate Immunity Responding to Red Rot Disease in Red Alga Pyropia yezoensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 5970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Tang ◽  
Liping Qiu ◽  
Cong Liu ◽  
Guoying Du ◽  
Zhaolan Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Pyropia Yezoensis ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Necrotrophic Pathogen ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Rot Disease

Pyropia yezoensis, one of the most economically important marine algae, suffers from the biotic stress of the oomycete necrotrophic pathogen Pythium porphyrae. However, little is known about the molecular defensive mechanisms employed by Pyr. yezoensis during the infection process. In the present study, we defined three stages of red rot disease based on histopathological features and photosynthetic physiology. Transcriptomic analysis was carried out at different stages of infection to identify the genes related to the innate immune system in Pyr. yezoensis. In total, 2139 up-regulated genes and 1672 down-regulated genes were identified from all the infected groups. Pathogen receptor genes, including three lectin genes (pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)) and five genes encoding typical plant R protein domains (leucine rich repeat (LRR), nucleotide binding site (NBS), or Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)), were found to be up-regulated after infection. Several defense mechanisms that were typically regarded as PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) in plants were induced during the infection. These included defensive and protective enzymes, heat shock proteins, secondary metabolites, cellulase, and protease inhibitors. As a part of the effector-triggered immunity (ETI), the expression of genes related to the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and hypersensitive cell death response (HR) increased significantly during the infection. The current study suggests that, similar to plants, Pyr. yezoensis possesses a conserved innate immune system that counters the invasion of necrotrophic pathogen Pyt. porphyrae. However, the innate immunity genes of Pyr. yezoensis appear to be more ancient in origin compared to those in higher plants.

Pythium porphyrae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Grateloupia Turuturu ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Porphyra Tenera ◽  
Bangia Atropurpurea ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Gelidium Elegans

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium porphyrae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASES: Red-rot disease, red-wasting disease. HOSTS: Bangia atropurpurea, Callophyllis adhaerens, Polyopes affinis (syn. Carpopeltis affinis), Gelidium elegans, Gloiosiphonia capillaris, Gracilaria spp., Grateloupia turuturu, Griffithsia subcylindrica, Lomentaria hakodatensis, Polysiphonia morrowii, Porphyra tenera, P. yezoensis, Pterocladiella capillacea, Rhodymenia intricata, Stylonema alsidii, Wrangelia tanegana (Rhodophyta). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: ASIA: Japan, Korea. TRANSMISSION: Contaminated organic matter (oospores) and water (sporangia).

scholarly journals A pathogen of New Zealand Pyropia plicata (Bangiales, Rhodophyta), Pythium porphyrae (Oomycota)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Diehl ◽  
GH Kim ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
Rot Disease

© 2017 The Korean Society of Phycology. Geographic distributions of pathogens are affected by dynamic processes involving host susceptibility, availability and abundance. An oomycete, Pythium porphyrae, is the causative agent of red rot disease, which plagues Pyropia farms in Korea and Japan almost every year and causes serious economic damage. We isolated an oomycete pathogen infecting Pyropia plicata from a natural population in Wellington, New Zealand. The pathogen was identified as Pythium porphyrae using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA cistron molecular markers. Susceptibility test showed that this Pythium from New Zealand was able to infect several different species and genera of Bangiales including Pyropia but is not able to infect their sporophytic (conchocelis) phases. The sequences of the isolated New Zealand strain were also identical to Pythium chondricola from Korea and the type strain from the Netherlands. Genetic species delimitation analyses found no support for separating P. porphyrae from P. chondricola, nor do we find morphological characters to distinguish them. We propose that Pythium chondricola be placed in synonymy with P. porphyrae. It appears that the pathogen of Pyropia, both in aquaculture in the northern hemisphere and in natural populations in the southern hemisphere is one species.

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