scholarly journals Aestivation of Pythium porphyrae, the causal agent of red rot disease of Porphyra spp. —Isolation and PCR detection from sea-bottom sediment—

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 912-913
Author(s):  
KAZUNARI YOKOO
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Pcr Detection ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Distribution of Pythium porphyrae, the Causal Agent of Red Rot Disease of Porphyrae spp., in the Ariake Sea, Japan

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kawamura ◽  
K. Yokoo ◽  
M. Tojo ◽  
M. Hishiike
Keyword(s):  
Causal Agent ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Ariake Sea ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Fresh Sample ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Nylon Mesh ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Seafloor Sediment

Distribution of Pythium porphyrae, the causal agent of red rot disease of Porphyra spp., in seafloor sediment was investigated in the Ariake Sea, Japan. A total of 170 samples of each 200 ml of sediment was collected from the seafloor at a total of 13 sites across the sea from 1998 to 2002. Each sample was filtered through two layers of nylon mesh with pore sizes of 100 and 15 μm. The residue on 15 μm mesh was assayed by a soil plating technique using a semiselective medium for P. porphyrae and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using species-specific primers. P. porphyrae were detected in 6 out of 13 sites and 2 out of 10 sites surveyed by soil plating and PCR, respectively. The representative isolate of P. porphyrae from the sediment was identical to the Porphyra thallus isolate from the same sea based on pathogenicity to the thallus, morphology, and rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. Recovery of P. porphyrae propagules in the sediment was up to 60 CFU per 100 ml of the fresh sample and was consistently higher in May than in the other months. The results suggest that P. porphyrae is distributed in the seafloor sediment in a wide area of the Ariake Sea.

scholarly journals A pathogen of New Zealand Pyropia plicata (Bangiales, Rhodophyta), Pythium porphyrae (Oomycota)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Diehl ◽  
GH Kim ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
Rot Disease

© 2017 The Korean Society of Phycology. Geographic distributions of pathogens are affected by dynamic processes involving host susceptibility, availability and abundance. An oomycete, Pythium porphyrae, is the causative agent of red rot disease, which plagues Pyropia farms in Korea and Japan almost every year and causes serious economic damage. We isolated an oomycete pathogen infecting Pyropia plicata from a natural population in Wellington, New Zealand. The pathogen was identified as Pythium porphyrae using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA cistron molecular markers. Susceptibility test showed that this Pythium from New Zealand was able to infect several different species and genera of Bangiales including Pyropia but is not able to infect their sporophytic (conchocelis) phases. The sequences of the isolated New Zealand strain were also identical to Pythium chondricola from Korea and the type strain from the Netherlands. Genetic species delimitation analyses found no support for separating P. porphyrae from P. chondricola, nor do we find morphological characters to distinguish them. We propose that Pythium chondricola be placed in synonymy with P. porphyrae. It appears that the pathogen of Pyropia, both in aquaculture in the northern hemisphere and in natural populations in the southern hemisphere is one species.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Insights into Innate Immunity Responding to Red Rot Disease in Red Alga Pyropia yezoensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 5970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Tang ◽  
Liping Qiu ◽  
Cong Liu ◽  
Guoying Du ◽  
Zhaolan Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Pyropia Yezoensis ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Necrotrophic Pathogen ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Rot Disease

Pyropia yezoensis, one of the most economically important marine algae, suffers from the biotic stress of the oomycete necrotrophic pathogen Pythium porphyrae. However, little is known about the molecular defensive mechanisms employed by Pyr. yezoensis during the infection process. In the present study, we defined three stages of red rot disease based on histopathological features and photosynthetic physiology. Transcriptomic analysis was carried out at different stages of infection to identify the genes related to the innate immune system in Pyr. yezoensis. In total, 2139 up-regulated genes and 1672 down-regulated genes were identified from all the infected groups. Pathogen receptor genes, including three lectin genes (pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)) and five genes encoding typical plant R protein domains (leucine rich repeat (LRR), nucleotide binding site (NBS), or Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)), were found to be up-regulated after infection. Several defense mechanisms that were typically regarded as PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) in plants were induced during the infection. These included defensive and protective enzymes, heat shock proteins, secondary metabolites, cellulase, and protease inhibitors. As a part of the effector-triggered immunity (ETI), the expression of genes related to the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and hypersensitive cell death response (HR) increased significantly during the infection. The current study suggests that, similar to plants, Pyr. yezoensis possesses a conserved innate immune system that counters the invasion of necrotrophic pathogen Pyt. porphyrae. However, the innate immunity genes of Pyr. yezoensis appear to be more ancient in origin compared to those in higher plants.

Pythium porphyrae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Grateloupia Turuturu ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Porphyra Tenera ◽  
Bangia Atropurpurea ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Gelidium Elegans

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium porphyrae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASES: Red-rot disease, red-wasting disease. HOSTS: Bangia atropurpurea, Callophyllis adhaerens, Polyopes affinis (syn. Carpopeltis affinis), Gelidium elegans, Gloiosiphonia capillaris, Gracilaria spp., Grateloupia turuturu, Griffithsia subcylindrica, Lomentaria hakodatensis, Polysiphonia morrowii, Porphyra tenera, P. yezoensis, Pterocladiella capillacea, Rhodymenia intricata, Stylonema alsidii, Wrangelia tanegana (Rhodophyta). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: ASIA: Japan, Korea. TRANSMISSION: Contaminated organic matter (oospores) and water (sporangia).

scholarly journals A pathogen of New Zealand Pyropia plicata (Bangiales, Rhodophyta), Pythium porphyrae (Oomycota)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Diehl ◽  
GH Kim ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Pythium Porphyrae ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
Rot Disease

© 2017 The Korean Society of Phycology. Geographic distributions of pathogens are affected by dynamic processes involving host susceptibility, availability and abundance. An oomycete, Pythium porphyrae, is the causative agent of red rot disease, which plagues Pyropia farms in Korea and Japan almost every year and causes serious economic damage. We isolated an oomycete pathogen infecting Pyropia plicata from a natural population in Wellington, New Zealand. The pathogen was identified as Pythium porphyrae using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA cistron molecular markers. Susceptibility test showed that this Pythium from New Zealand was able to infect several different species and genera of Bangiales including Pyropia but is not able to infect their sporophytic (conchocelis) phases. The sequences of the isolated New Zealand strain were also identical to Pythium chondricola from Korea and the type strain from the Netherlands. Genetic species delimitation analyses found no support for separating P. porphyrae from P. chondricola, nor do we find morphological characters to distinguish them. We propose that Pythium chondricola be placed in synonymy with P. porphyrae. It appears that the pathogen of Pyropia, both in aquaculture in the northern hemisphere and in natural populations in the southern hemisphere is one species.

Potential of plant extracts in combination with bacterial antagonist treatment as biocontrol agent of red rot of sugarcane

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Jayakumar ◽  
R. Bhaskaran ◽  
S. Tsushima
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Red Rot ◽  
Colletotrichum Falcatum ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Red Rot Disease ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Rot Disease

Plant extracts and antifungal microorganisms were tested singly and in combination for biocontrol of sugarcane red rot disease ( Colletotrichum falcatum ) using two sugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum L.) cultivars, CoC671 and CoC92061, in pot and field experiments. Leaf extracts of Abrus precatorius and Bassia latifolia and the rhizome extract of Curcuma longa reduced Colletotrichum falcatum mycelial growth by 80%, 58%, and 57%, respectively. Although sugarcane- planting materials (setts) treated individually with either Pseudomonas fluorescens Md1 or A. precatorius in pot experiments had the lowest incidences of red rot, 20.1% and 24.2%, respectively, none of the plant extracts were effective in the field. In contrast, when the two varieties were tested separately in two field locations, the setts treated with A. precatorius in combination with a spray or soil application of P. fluorescens Md1 had the lowest incidence of red rot in both locations, e.g., 3.1% and 3.4% incidence for CoC92061 in one location, and had a similar response to the chemical control. The results suggest the applicability of plant-based extracts for the suppression of sugarcane red rot disease in the field as an environment-friendly tool in combination with antagonists.

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