AbstractAssessing the degree of involvement of caregivers for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in their diabetes care, differences in the degree of involvement based on the method of insulin administration (multiple daily injections: MDI/continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: CSII), and its effect on glycemic control.: This was a cross-sectional study with T1DM patients, ages 6–13 years using a six question survey derived from the Diabetes Family Responsibility Questionnaire (DFRQ). All caregivers (n=140) and participants between ages 11 and 13 (n=60) completed the survey.Significant differences between MDI and CSII caregiver responses were found for responsibility for giving insulin boluses, as well as for rotation of infusion/injection sites (p<0.001 and p=0.03, respectively). A sub-analysis of caregiver responses for caregiver versus child responsibility for giving infusion boluses (excluding shared responsibility) showed that 36% of children in the CSII group had primary responsibility for giving insulin boluses, compared to 17% in the MDI group (p<0.001). The median agreement for all questions combined between participants and caregivers for ages 11–13 (n=60 pairs) was “poor” (κ=0.18). No significant effect of parental involvement on last 2-year average HbACaregiver reported diabetes care responsibility (mostly parent, mostly child, shared between parent and child) varies for certain aspects of diabetes related care for children ages 6–13, depending upon the mode of insulin administration. Based on the reported degree of parental collaboration, HbA
Different Effects of Intraperitoneal and Subcutaneous Insulin Administration on the GH-IGF-1 Axis in Type 1 Diabetes
