Brain Blood Flow in the Nitroglycerin (Gtn) Model of Migraine: Measurement Using Positron Emission Tomography and Transcranial Doppler

Cephalalgia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
EM Bednarczyk ◽  
DS Wack ◽  
MY Kassab ◽  
K Burch ◽  
K Trinidad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Blood Flow ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Subcutaneous Sumatriptan ◽  
History Of

Nitroglycerin has been widely used as a model of experimental migraine. Studies combining measurement of flow velocity using transcranial Doppler (TCD) concurrently with measures of cerebral blood flow (CBF) are uncommon. We report the results of a study combining TCD and positron emission tomography (PET). Healthy volunteers with no personal or family history of migraine underwent measurement of CBF using H215O PET, and velocity using TCD. Measurements were done at baseline, and following i.v. nitroglycerin at 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 μg/kg per min. Subcutaneous sumatriptan (6 mg) was injected, with CBF and velocity measured 15, 30, and 60 min later. Nitroglycerin was terminated and measurements obtained 30 min later. Six male and six female subjects were studied. Nitroglycerin increased global CBF while flow velocities decreased. Sumatriptan did not have a significant effect on these values. Regions of increased flow included the anterior cingulate, while regions of decreased flow included the occipital cortex. Our data suggest that nitroglycerin induces regional changes in CBF that are similar to changes reported in spontaneous migraine, but produces distinctly different effects on global CBF and velocity.

scholarly journals Multicompartmental Analysis of [11C]-Carfentanil Binding to Opiate Receptors in Humans Measured by Positron Emission Tomography

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Frost ◽  
K. H. Douglass ◽  
H. S. Mayberg ◽  
R. F. Dannals ◽  
J. M. Links ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Opiate Receptors ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Presence And Absence

[11C]-Carfentanil is a high affinity opiate agonist that can be used to localize mu opiate receptors in humans by positron emission tomography (PET). A four-compartment model was used to obtain quantitative estimates of rate constants for receptor association and dissociation. PET studies were performed in five normal subjects in the absence and presence of 1 mg/kg naloxone. Arterial plasma concentration of [11C]-carfentanil and its labeled metabolites were determined during each PET study. The value of k3/ k4 = Bmax/ kd was determined for each subject in the presence and absence of naloxone. There was a significant reduction in the value of k3/ k4 from 3.4 ± 0.92 to 0.26 ± 0.13 in the thalamus ( p < 0.01) and from 1.8 ± 0.33 to 0.16 ± 0.065 in the frontal cortex ( p < 0.001). Mean values of frontal cortex/occipital cortex and thalamus/occipital cortex ratios were determined for the interval 35–70 min after injection when receptor binding is high relative to nonspecific binding. The relationship between the measured region/occipital cortex values and the corresponding values of k3/ k4 in the presence and absence of naloxone was: regions/occipital cortex = 0.95 + 0.74 ( k3/ k4) with r = 0.98 ( n = 20). Simulation studies also demonstrated a linear relationship between the thalamus/occipital cortex or frontal cortex/occipital cortex ratio and k3/ k4 for less than twofold increases or decreases in k3/ k4. Simulation studies in which thalamic blood flow was varied demonstrated no significant effect on the region/occipital cortex ratio at 35–70 min for a twofold increase or fourfold decrease in blood flow. Therefore, the region/occipital cortex ratio can be used to quantitate changes in k3/ k4 when tracer kinetic modeling is not feasible.

scholarly journals Cerebral blood flow activation of the anterior cingulate gyrus studied with positron emission tomography

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
StephanF. Taylor ◽  
Sylvan Kornblum ◽  
Satoshi Minoshima ◽  
LindsayM. Oliver ◽  
RobertA. Koeppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Flow Activation

scholarly journals Reproducibility of Resting Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements with H215O Positron Emission Tomography in Humans

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Matthew ◽  
Paul Andreason ◽  
Richard E. Carson ◽  
Peter Herscovitch ◽  
Karen Pettigrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Normal Humans ◽  
Blood Flow Measurements

Two consecutive measurements of resting CBF were carried out in normal volunteers (n = 25) using H215O positron emission tomography. Absolute whole-brain blood flow (WBBF; ml 100 g−1 min−1, mean ± SD) for the first (40.3 ± 6.4) and second (39.3 ± 6.5) measurements was not significantly different (mean % difference 2.3 ± 8.7). Analysis of regions of interest showed no significant differences in absolute regional CBF (rCBF) and normalized (rCBF/WBBF) rCBF. Left-right differences were also not significant. These data demonstrate the reproducibility of resting CBF measurements in normal humans.

PET as Part of an Interdisciplinary Approach to Understanding Processes Involved in Reading

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Fiez ◽  
Steven E. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Blood Flow ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Task Conditions

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a recently developed technology that can be used to create images of brain blood flow, which is related to brain activity. By acquiring images of brain blood flow during different task conditions, investigators can isolate activity changes related to specific types of information processing. Several examples demonstrate how regions involved in reading can be identified, and how the results are most interpretable when information from other disciplines is considered.

scholarly journals Additive value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan for detection of aortic tube graft infection: a case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnoosh Larti ◽  
Mohammad Amin Khadembashiri ◽  
Mehrshad Abbasi ◽  
Alborz Sherafati
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pet Ct Scan

Abstract Background Diagnosis of aortic graft infection is challenging, and delayed diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has improved diagnostic accuracy. Case summary A patient with a history of congenital heart disease was admitted due to fever. He had a history of four cardiac surgeries, including the Bentall procedure for endocarditis. Blood cultures were negative. A semi-mobile mass was detected in the distal portion of the aortic tube graft in echocardiography. PET/CT scan was used to confirm tube graft infection and to support proceeding to cardiac surgery. Discussion Using multimodality imaging, including PET/CT scan in combination with echocardiography, can improve diagnostic accuracy for the detection of aortic tube graft infection, infection of prosthetic valves, or intra-cardiac devices, especially in high-risk surgical cases.

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