scholarly journals Modulation de l'expression du pouvoir pathogène de Botrytis fabae Sard. et de Botrytis cinerea Pers. par des bactéries du phylloplan de Vicia faba L

Agronomie ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 721-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Régis VEDIE ◽  
Michel LE NORMAND
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Elkhalil Benzohra ◽  
Hakima Belaidi

Background: Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is thirst most important grain legume in the world and the first one in Algeria. The chocolate spot disease caused by Botrytis fabae Sard (BF), is the major constraint of this culture in Algeria when caused a destructive damages.Methods: The aim of this study is to find the sources of resistance for Seven varieties of faba beans (Giza 02, Giza 40, Giza 461, Sakha 02, Sakha 03, Precoce de Seville), by using the detached leaflet inoculation test for resistance to the two isolates from BF represent two different regions of northwest Algeria (Mascara and Relizane). Result: A significant difference (P less than 0.05) was observed in the reaction of the varieties which manifest themselves by a different reaction vis-à-vis the isolates of BF. Total sensitivity was observed in the four (4) varieties Giza02, Sakha01, Sakha02 and Sakha03, two (2) varieties (Giza40 and Ziban), are tolerant, while the variety named ‘Precoce de Seville’ showed significant resistance to both isolates from BF. These results showed a similar pathogenic behavior of two isolates of BF and variability in the level of reactions of the varieties of beans. The variety ‘Precoce de Seville’ showed promising results to be valued and cultivated in order to reduce the damage caused by this disease and reduce the use of chemicals.


2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (30) ◽  
pp. 2984-2988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfaye Negash Tewodros ◽  
Azanaw Asfaw ◽  
Tilahun Getachew ◽  
Mulat Kibersew ◽  
Sahile Woldemariam Samuel

Author(s):  
Norma Condori-Ticona ◽  
Betsabe Leon-Ttacca ◽  
Juan G. Zapana-Pari

<p>La mancha chocolate en el haba, es causada por el fitopatógeno <em>Botrytis fabae</em> S, este se caracteriza por ser muy virulento y reducir hasta dos tercios el rendimiento del cultivo. El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de seleccionar e identificar hongos antagónicos nativos de haba (<em>Vicia faba </em>L.) con capacidad de biocontrol hacia <em>B. fabae </em>S. Para aislar e identificar estos hongos se colectaron muestras de la rizósfera de plantas de habas de cinco distritos (Ilave, Acora, Juli, Platería y Chucuito) de la Región Puno - Perú <a href="file:///C:/Users/FORTUNATO/Desktop/aptos%20ria%2018n3/2-%20HONGOS%20ANTAG%C3%93NICOS%20NATIVOS%20-%20%20Norma%20Condori.docx#_msocom_1">[H1]</a> y se determinó <em>In vitro</em> la capacidad antagónica de hongos nativos de haba hacia <em>Botrytis fabae</em> S. Para lo cual, se realizó pruebas de antibiosis y micoparasitismo, con la producción de metabolitos solubles inhibitorios por los antagonistas y enfrentamiento dual del patógeno y antagonista, en donde se evaluó la inhibición del crecimiento micelial del patógeno y el porcentaje de colonización del hongo antagónico respectivamente. Se logró aislar 17 cepas de hongos antagónicos nativos de la rizósfera de habas y se identificó a los géneros de <em>Trichoderma</em> y <em>Clonostachys</em> como hongos antagónicos. La cepa TRCH-12 obtuvo el valor más alto con 54.6% a comparación de las cepa TRCH-11 tuvo menor efecto hacia el patógeno con 3.62% de inhibición micelial. Así mismo, 14 cepas pertenecientes al género <em>Trichoderma y </em>una cepa de<em> Clonostachys </em>resultaron ser micoparasitos agresivos<em>, </em>que completamente colonizaron al patógeno. Sin embargo, cepas del género <em>Trichoderma</em> TRI-1 (76.67 %) y TRCH-13 (73.33%) fueron los que mostraron ser micoparasitos no muy agresivos para <em>Botrytis fabae</em> S.</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The chocolate spot on the bean, is caused by the phytopathogen <em>Botrytis fabae</em> S, it is characterized because of be very virulent and reduce up to 60% crop yield. This work was carried out with the aim of selecting and identifying native antagonistic fungi from bean (<em>Vicia faba </em>L<em>.</em>) with biocontrol capacity to <em>B. fabae</em> S. To isolate and identify these fungi were collected samples from the rhizosphere of plants beans from five districts (Ilave, Acora, Juli, Silverware and Chucuito) of the Puno region and was determined <em>In vitro</em> antagonistic capacity of these native fungi to <em>Botrytis fabae</em> S. For which, antibiosis and micoparasitism testing were performed with production of inhibitory soluble metabolites by the antagonists and dual confrontation for pathogen and antagonist, where was evaluated the inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen and the percentage of colonization of the antagonistic fungus respectively. It was isolated 17 isolates of native antagonistic fungi from the rhizosphere of beans and it was identified to the genus <em>Trichoderma</em> and <em>Clonostachys</em> as antagonistic fungi. The TRCH-12 isolate had the highest value with 54.6% in comparison with the TRCH-11 isolate had less effect with 3.62%  of mycelial inhibition of pathogen. Furthermore, 14 isolates belonging to the genus <em>Trichoderma</em> and a isolate of <em>Clonostachys</em> proved to be aggressive mycoparasites that completely colonized the pathogen. However, isolates of the genus <em>Trichoderma</em> TRI-1 (76.67%) and TRCH-13 (73.33%) proved to be not very aggressive mycoparasites for <em>Botrytis fabae</em> S.</p><p>Keywords: <em>Botrytis fabae</em> S., <em>Trichoderma</em>, <em>Clonostachys</em>, biocontrol, fungus, antagonist</p><div><p> </p><p> </p></div>


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