Performance and reaction of faba bean genotypes to chocolate spot disease

Background This study aimed to development new faba bean hybrids resistant to chocolate spot disease and using them in breeding programs. Six faba bean genotypes were crossed in a diallel system excluding reciprocals during three growing seasons of 2017/18, 2018/19 and 2019/20 growing seasons. Results Results scored high variability among genotypes (parents and their crosses) in most studied characters. All characters were affected by inbreeding and most crosses recorded high significant in all characters especially the positive significance of resistance to chocolate spot disease (gain) was 5 for all studied resistance characters. Conclusions All studied plant growth and yield characters were affected negatively by chocolate spot disease. Moreover, it can be concluded that the commercial cost of producing hybrid seed can be reduced by growing F1 or directly.

Screening of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Germplasm Accessions against Grey Mould Disease Caused by Botrytis fabae Sard

Background: Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is thirst most important grain legume in the world and the first one in Algeria. The chocolate spot disease caused by Botrytis fabae Sard (BF), is the major constraint of this culture in Algeria when caused a destructive damages.Methods: The aim of this study is to find the sources of resistance for Seven varieties of faba beans (Giza 02, Giza 40, Giza 461, Sakha 02, Sakha 03, Precoce de Seville), by using the detached leaflet inoculation test for resistance to the two isolates from BF represent two different regions of northwest Algeria (Mascara and Relizane). Result: A significant difference (P less than 0.05) was observed in the reaction of the varieties which manifest themselves by a different reaction vis-à-vis the isolates of BF. Total sensitivity was observed in the four (4) varieties Giza02, Sakha01, Sakha02 and Sakha03, two (2) varieties (Giza40 and Ziban), are tolerant, while the variety named ‘Precoce de Seville’ showed significant resistance to both isolates from BF. These results showed a similar pathogenic behavior of two isolates of BF and variability in the level of reactions of the varieties of beans. The variety ‘Precoce de Seville’ showed promising results to be valued and cultivated in order to reduce the damage caused by this disease and reduce the use of chemicals.

Biocontrol of chocolate spot disease (Botrytis cinerea) in faba bean using endophytic actinomycetes Streptomyces: a field study to compare application techniques

Sustainable agriculture is needing economic applications for disease control. One possibility is offered by local medical plants. Endophytes of medical plants, such as actinomycetes Streptomyces sp. have previously shown antagonistic activities against fungal phytopathogens. In the present field experiment, we aimed to verify the efficiency of endophytic Streptomyces against one of the common pathogens, Botrytis cinerea, causing chocolate spot disease for faba bean (Vicia fabae L.). We tested two strains of Streptomyces (MG788011, MG788012) and three techniques to apply the biocontrol agent: (1) coating the seeds with spores, (2) spraying mycelia and (3) spraying the crude metabolites over the plants. The technique using the crude metabolites was the most efficient to prevent the disease symptoms. Both of the endophytic strains diminished the disease symptoms and improved the plant growth. The study offers a potential biological control technique to prevent chocolate spot disease and, at the same time, increase the yields of faba bean in sustainable agriculture.