THE CHEMICAL ROLE OF GRAINS IN THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM AND RELATED PHYSICAL PROBLEMS

1980 ◽  
Vol 41 (C3) ◽  
pp. C3-225-C3-232
Author(s):  
D. A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Physical Problems

NATURAL SCIENTISTS AND RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC FILMMAKING IN THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD (SCIENCE DIVISION OF THE A.A. KHANZHONKOV COMPANY)

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-368
Author(s):  
YEVGENIY ALEKSANDROV
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Delayed Reaction ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Education Community ◽  
Future System ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The aim of the article is to recall the fi steps of comprehension by the scientific community of possibilities of a newly born means of the reality reflection. The means was initially oriented for obtaining reliable information and supposing a delayed reaction of the spectator in the process of communication. Recollection and understanding become more important under the distance education condition. Pre-revolutionary Russia lived anticipating changes, and the filmmaking was considered by the society as one of those progressive phenomena evidencing the coming of a new age. The scientists’ activity during the development of scientific fi in pre-revolutionary Russia was long hushed up and wasn’t considered as forming a basis for the future system of educational audio-visual communication. In this process there participated striking, creative personalities, mostly belonged to the community of Imperial Moscow University, which activity was during the age of changes. The significant contribution of pleiad of eminent scientists’ activity to the new direction formation was a reason to unify in one paper both their whole professional life data and information about their time-limited period of scientific fi In the future a more profound study of their achievements are considered to be promising. In the introduction the anterior period of the Russian fi appearance, where the scientific and education community of Russia was exploring the possibilities of a new means of information transfer for education purposes, is considered. Two main units are dedicated to the role of scientists in the development of scientific filmmaking for research and popularization of biomedical and physical problems.

scholarly journals SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL PROBLEMS OF THE BLIND FEMALES AND THE ROLE OF NGOS - UNIVERSITY EDUCATION STAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-247
Author(s):  
Faten I. A. A. El-Gendy ◽  
Ali M. Laila ◽  
Soheir A. Elattar ◽  
Mohamed A. Mahrous ◽  
Hala R. Ali
Keyword(s):  
University Education ◽  
Physical Problems

scholarly journals The Role of the Parker Instability in Structuring the Interstellar Medium

2020 ◽  
Vol 891 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Heintz ◽  
Chad Bustard ◽  
Ellen G. Zweibel
Keyword(s):  
Interstellar Medium

scholarly journals First Results from the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite – H2O and O2 Discoveries

2000 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
Gary J. Melnick
Keyword(s):  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Molecular Clouds ◽  
Submillimeter Wave ◽  
Important Species ◽  
First Results ◽  
One Year

The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS) was successfully launched on 5 December 1998 with the goals of studying: (1) the distribution of oxygen in the interstellar medium; (2) the role of H2O and O2 as gas coolants; and (3) the UV-illuminated surfaces of molecular clouds. To achieve these goals, SWAS is conducting pointed observations of dense (n(H2) > 103 cm–3) molecular clouds throughout our Galaxy in either the ground-state or a low-lying transition of five astrophysically important species: H2O, H218O, O2, CI, and 13CO. SWAS has made great strides in each of these areas of investigation. This paper will summarize our H2O and O2 findings one year into the mission.

scholarly journals The 12C/13C Ratio in Interstellar Dark Clouds

1980 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 411-416
Author(s):  
W.H. Mccutcheon ◽  
R. L. Dickman ◽  
W.L.H. Shuter ◽  
R. S. Roger
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Transfer Problem ◽  
Abundance Ratio ◽  
Radiative Transfer Problem ◽  
Dark Clouds ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Since 13C is believed to be produced by non-equilibrium CNO processing in stellar evolution (Truran 1977), measurements of the carbon ratio Rc ≡ [12C] / [13C] in the interstellar medium may provide important information on nucleo-synthesis. Commonly, the ratio (N13/N18)LTE ≡ [13CO/C18O]LTE is measured and from this RLTE ≡ [12CO/13CO]LTE is deduced and these values are often identified with Rc. However, this line of reasoning can be misleading for two reasons (Dickman et al. 1979):(1) The difficulty of determining accurate column densities, [13C16O] and [12C18O], because of the complexity of the radiative transfer problem;(2) The possible role of fractionation, whereby RCO ≡ [12CO] / [13CO] does not necessarily reflect the initial atomic abundance ratio RC (Watson et al. 1976, Langer 1977, Liszt 1978).

scholarly journals Sh 2-68 – A Planetary Nebula Leaving it's Mark on the Interstellar Medium

2003 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 525-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Kerber ◽  
F. Guglielmetti ◽  
R. Mignani ◽  
M. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Galactic Disk ◽  
Central Star ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Sky Survey ◽  
Cometary Tail ◽  
Direct Confirmation

Using Hα images from the Southern H-Alpha Sky Survey Atlas (SHASSA) we have discovered a “cometary tail” of ionized matter extending at least 30 arcmin from the main body of the planetary nebula Sh 2-68 (PN G030.6+06.2). This tail is aligned with the proper motion of the central star and is obviously a contrail of material left behind by Sh 2-68 moving in a Galactic Disk orbit. The tail's existence is a direct confirmation of Sh 2-68's interaction with the interstellar medium (ISM) and highlights the possibly important role of the ISM's magnetic field.

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