W. CHANDLER ROBERTS ET THOMAS WRIGHTSON. — Détermination of the density of fluid bismuth by means of the oncosimeter (Détermination de la densité du bismuth fondu au moyen de l'oncosimètre); Philosophical Magazine, 5e série, t. Xl, p. 295; 1881

1881 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-325
Author(s):  
H. Pellat
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Magazine

scholarly journals XL.—On the Mechanical Action of Heat

1853 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
William John Macquorn Rankine
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Action ◽  
Mechanical Theory ◽  
Philosophical Magazine ◽  
William Thomson ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Elastic Fluids ◽  
Intention To Continue

Section VI.—A Review of the Fundamental Principles of the Mechanical Theory of Heat; with Remarks on the Thermic Phenomena of Currents of Elastic Fluids, as illustrating those Principles.(Article 46.) I have been induced to write this Section, in continuation of a paper on the Mechanical Action of Heat, by the publication (in the Philosophical Magazine for December 1852, Supplementary Number) of a series of experiments by Mr Joule and Professor William Thomson, on the Thermal Effects experienced by Air in rushing through small Apertures. Although those authors express an intention to continue the experiments on a large scale, so as to obtain more precise results; yet the results already obtained are sufficient to constitute the first step towards the experimental determination of that most important function in the theory of the mechanical action of heat, which has received the name of Carnot's Function.

scholarly journals On a relation between the refractive and dispersive constants of the inert gases

1927 ◽  
Vol 114 (769) ◽  
pp. 659-661
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Philosophical Magazine ◽  
Empirical Relations ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Made In

In 1911 I published in the ‘Philosophical Magazine’ a paper on new determinations of some constants of the inert gases, and drew attention to the remarkable empirical relations which subsist between (1) the calculated numbers of “dispersion” electrons in the atoms of these five elements, (2) their “viscosity diameters” as determined by Prof. A. O. Rankine, and (3) their critical temperatures. Since that time the figures used have undergone revision. The accurate determination of the value of ε by Millikan has enabled us to give absolute, instead of relative, values to the apparent numbers of dispersion electrons ( q , see Table I). Chapman has recalculated the viscosity diameters, and Rankine has revised Chapman’s values, in the light of corrections to be made in his own values of Sutherland’s constants for argon, krypton and xenon. But these alterations have not affected the validity of the relations then published.

scholarly journals I. On the determination of the specific resistance of mercury in absolute measure

1891 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 1-42 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Cavendish Laboratory ◽  
Philosophical Magazine ◽  
Adequate Response ◽  
Absolute Measure ◽  
The One ◽  
Prospect Of Success

“ On the whole I am of opinion that if it is desirable at the present time to construct apparatus on the most favourable scale, so as to reach the highest attain­ able accuracy, the modification of Lorenz’s method last described is the one that offers the best prospect of success. Before this is done however, it appears to me important that the value now three times obtained in the Cavendish Laboratory by distinct methods should be approximately verified (or disproved) by other physicists. To distinguish between this value and those obtained for instance by Kohlrausch, by Lorenz, or by the First B. A. Committee, should not require the construction of unusually costly apparatus. Until the larger question is disposed of it appears premature to discuss the details of arrangements from which the highest degree of precision is to be expected.” The above passage, which concludes a paper communicated by Lord Rayleigh to the ‘Philosophical Magazine, a little before the Electrical Congress at Paris, at which the legal ohm was defined to be the resistance of a column of mercury of 1 sq. mm. section and 1060 mm. long, seems not to have met with adequate response in this country. So far as experiments in English Laboratories are concerned the determination of the ohm remains where Lord Rayleigh left it, except for the contribution made by Glazebrook and Fitzpatrick in their re-measurement of the Specific Resistance of Mercury in terms of the B. A. Unit, which is one of the elements in the determination of the Specific Resistance of Mercury in Absolute Measure by Lord Rayleigh’s adaptation of Lorenz’s method.

scholarly journals On the pendulum

1833 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 401-401
Keyword(s):  
Knife Edge ◽  
Philosophical Magazine ◽  
Simple Pendulum ◽  
First Approximation

The ingenious and beautiful application, made by Capt. Kater, of Huygens’s theorem respecting the convertibility of the centres of suspension and oscillation, to the determination of the length of the simple pendulum, is to be considered as a first approximation to the solution of this problem. The accuracy of this determination, however, may be affected by many circumstances which the theory does not take into account; and the object of the author in this paper is to investigate the limits of the errors that may arise from neglecting them. Laplace and Whewell have shown that when the knife-edges are considered as cylinders of small but of equal radii of curvature, their distance is still equal to the length of the simple pendulum. The author treats the question with the utmost generality, and discusses all the circumstances which may affect the accuracy of Capt. Kater’s method, including all possible deviations and positions of the axes. He takes, as an example, the pendulum used by Mr. Baily, and described by him in the Philosophical Magazine of last February; and investigates the errors which would arise in the length of the simple pendulum corresponding to given deviations of the knife-edges. He also considers the case in which the agate planes are fixed on the pendulum, and vibrate on a fixed knife-edge; and finds that the length of the simple pendulum is here also equal to the distance between the planes.

scholarly journals XVIII.—On Torsional Oscillations of Wires

1897 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-630
Author(s):  
W. Peddie
Keyword(s):  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Philosophical Magazine ◽  
Torsional Oscillations ◽  
The Wire ◽  
The Law ◽  
Image Position

About two years ago I communicated to this Society a paper on the above subject, which was printed in the Philosophical Magazine (1894). The object of the investigations therein discussed was the determination of the law of decrease of torsional oscillations when the range of oscillation was large in comparison with the palpable limits of elasticity. An equation of the formwhere y represents the range of oscillation, and x represents the number of oscillations which have taken place since the commencement of the observations in any one experiment, was found to give an exceedingly close representation of the results. The values of the quantities n, a, and b depend on the magnitude of the initial oscillation, and on the previous treatment of the wire. It was also found that, when the oscillations were allowed to die away to a sufficient extent, the value of n tended to diminish. The oscillations were practically isochronous.

II. On the double tangent of a plane curve

1859 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 724-725
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Plane Curve ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Philosophical Magazine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Double Tangent

The author notices that the problem of finding the number of double tangents was first solved by Plücker in 1834 from geometrical considerations, and he gives a sketch of the subsequent history of the problem. The complete analytical determination of the double tangents was only obtained very recently by Mr. Salmon, and is given in a note by him in the Philosophical Magazine, October 1858: it is there shown that the ( n — 2) points in which the tangent at any point of a curve of the order n again meets the curve, are given as the points of intersection of the tangent with a certain curve of the order ( n — 2); if this curve be touched by the tangent, then the point of contact will be also a point of contact of the tangent and the curve of the order n , or the tangent will be a double tangent. The present memoir relates chiefly to the establishment of an identical equation, which puts in evidence the property of the curve of the order ( n — 2), and which the author considers to be also important in reference to the general theory of binary quantities : viz. if YU = II (∗)( x, y, z ) n , DU = (X∂ x + Y∂ y + Z∂ z )U, and Y, DY are what U, DU become when ( x, y, z ) and (X, Y, Z) are interchanged; then the equation is of the form I . Y + II . DY + III . DU + IV. U = 0. Taking ( x, y, z ) as current coordinates and U = 0 as the equation of the curve, then if (X, Y, Z) are the coordinates of a point on the curve, Y=0, and we have for the equation of the tangent at the point in question DY = 0. The equation shows that the intersections of the curve U = 0 and the tangent DY = 0, lie on one or other of the curves III = 0, DU = 0, and that they do not lie on the curve DU = 0; consequently they lie on the curve III = 0, which is in fact the before-mentioned curve of the order ( n - 2).

Ernest George Coker, 1869-1946

1953 ◽  
Vol 8 (22) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technical College ◽  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Patent Office ◽  
Philosophical Magazine ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Optical Determination ◽  
The Subject

Ernest George Coker was born at Wolverton in 1869. On leaving school at the age of fourteen, he went to the carriage building works of the London and North Western Railway where he worked for three years as an apprentice, and for a further two years in the drawing office and laboratory. During this time he studied in the evening to such effect that he gained a national scholarship, tenable for three years at the Royal College of Science, London. At the end of his second year he was awarded a Whitworth exhibition, and in the following year he qualified for the Associateship of the College and was awarded a Whitworth scholarship. This he held for two years at Edinburgh University where he took the degree of B.Sc. From Edinburgh he took the open examination for the Patent Office and was appointed assistant examiner in 1892. The routine work of a government office, however, did not absorb his abounding energy, and while working at the Patent Office, he went into residence at Cambridge and studied there for the Mechanical Sciences Tripos, obtaining a B.A. with first class honours. In 1898 he began his career as a university teacher on appointment to the McGill University of Canada. Here, first as assistant and later as Associate Professor in Civil Engineering, he worked largely on hydraulic problems connected with various power schemes. In 1905 he returned to England on his appointment as Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mathematics at the City and Guilds Technical College at Finsbury. Here he stayed until 1914, and it was during this period that he first began to study the subject to which he was to devote the rest of his life, and with which his name will always be connected. It was probably his association with Sylvanus Thompson in those days which first aroused his interest in the stress-optical effect, and he began to experiment with the object of developing techniques by which the effect could be used to explore the stresses in engineering components and structures. His first paper on the subject ‘The optical determination of stress’ was published in the Philosophical Magazine in 1910. This was followed by a paper read before the Institute of Naval Architects in 1911, and by his first paper to the Royal Society in 1912.

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