Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and the associated radiological hazards in some building materials from Mayo-Kebbi region, Chad

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Penabei ◽  
D. Bongue ◽  
P. Maleka ◽  
T. Dlamini ◽  
Saïdou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Radiological Hazards ◽  
Radiation Hazard Index

In order to assess the levels of natural radioactivity and the associated radiological hazards in some building materials of the Mayo-Kebbi region (Chad), a total of nineteen samples were collected on the field. Using a high resolution γ-ray spectrometry system, the activity concentrations of radium (226Ra), thorium (232Th) and potassium (40K) in these samples have been determined. The measured average activity concentrations range from 0.56 ± 0.37 Bq kg−1 to 435 ± 7 Bq kg−1, 1.3 ± 0.6 Bq kg−1 to 50.6 ± 1.1 Bq kg−1 and 4.3 ± 2.0 Bq kg−1 to 840 ± 9 Bq kg−1, for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The highest 226Ra average activities is found in soil brick samples of Zabili. The highest mean value of 232Th and 40K concentrations are found in soil brick samples of Madajang. The activity concentration and the radium equivalent activity (Raeq) have been compared to other studies done elsewhere in the world. Their average values are lower than most of those of countries with which the comparison has been made. Were also evaluated, the external radiation hazard index, the internal radiation hazard index, the indoor air absorbed dose rate, the outdoor air absorbed dose rate, the activity utilization index, the annual effective dose, the annual gonadal dose equivalent, the representative level index, as well as, the excess lifetime cancer risk. In accordance with the criterion of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, our results show that soil brick samples of Zabili and Madajang increases the risk of radiation exposure, thereby the possibility of developing cancer by people living in this environment. Based on these findings, brick samples from Zabili and Madajang are not recommended for construction purposes. All other sample materials have properties that are acceptable for use as building materials in terms of radiation hazard.

DETERMINATION OF RADON AND NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN SOME BUILDING MATERIALS USED IN IZMIR, TURKEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Daniel Hatungimana ◽  
Caner Taşköprü ◽  
Mutlu İçhedef ◽  
Müslim Murat Saç ◽  
Şemsi Yazıcı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Spectroscopy ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Materials Used

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to determine the radon and natural radioactivity concentrations of some building materials and to assess the radiation hazard associated with those mortar materials when they are used in the construction of dwellings. Radon measurements were realized by using LR-115 Type 2 solid state nuclear track detectors. Radon activity concentrations of these materials were found to vary between 130.00 ± 11.40 and 1604.06 ± 40.5 Bq m−3. The natural radioactivity in selected mortar materials was analyzed by using scintillation gamma spectroscopy. The activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K for the studied mortar materials ranged from ND to 48.5 ± 7.0 Bq kg−1, ND to 41.0 ± 6.4 Bq kg−1 and ND to 720.4 ± 26.8 Bq kg−1, respectively. Radium equivalent activities, external and internal hazard indexes, gamma and alpha indexes and absorbed gamma dose rates were calculated to assess the radiation hazard of the natural radioactivity in studied samples. The calculated Raeq values of all samples were found to be lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg−1 set for building materials. The estimated hazard index values were found to be under the unity and the absorbed dose rate values were also below the worldwide average of 84 nGy h−1.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Natural Radioactivity and Radiological Hazard Parameters of Various Imported Tiles Used for Decoration in Sudan

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saifeldin Siddeeg ◽  
Mohamed Suliman ◽  
Faouzi Ben Rebah ◽  
Wissem Mnif ◽  
Amel Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Radiological Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Hazard Parameters

Various commercially imported ceramic materials used in the building of Sudanese dwellings were examined in order to determine their natural radioactivity and radiological hazard parameters. In this context, twenty-five different consignments were sampled and analyzed using (3″ × 3″) sodium iodide gamma spectrometry system NaI(Tl). The identified average activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K were 183 ± 70, 51 ± 44, and 238 ± 77 Bq/kg dry-weights, respectively. A positive correlation between 238U and 232Th in the investigated samples was identified from the observed significant correlation (R2 = 0.8). Interestingly, a low Th/U ratio (~0.3) was recorded, which could be related to the systematic loss of thorium during the fabrication process. The measured activity concentrations for these radionuclides were comparable with the reported data obtained from similar materials used in other countries showing similarity in ceramic materials used in buildings. Five different radiation indices, such as the average radium equivalent (Raeq), the absorbed dose rate (D), the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), the external hazard index (Hex), and the radioactivity level index (lγ), which indicate hazardous radiation, were estimated from these measurements. The obtained results revealed average values of 274 ± 106 Bq/kg, 125 ± 48 nGy/h, 1.23 ± 0.48 mSv/y, 0.74 ± 0.29, and 0.94 ± 0.37, for Raeq, D, AEDE, Hex, and lγ, respectively. The mean values of Raeq and Hex were in good agreement with the international limits, while the means of D and lγ were higher than the universal values. Calculated AEDE in about 60% of the samples exceeded the universal limit of 1 mSv/y for the public exposure (maximum value of 2.16 mSv/y). The investigated parameters were in the same range for the majority of imported samples; however, they were slightly higher than the locally produced ceramic, highlighting the importance of monitoring imported materials for their radioactivity contents.

scholarly journals Radiation Dose Estimation of Cement Samples Used in Lao PDR

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Sonexay Xayheungsy ◽  
Le Hong Khiem ◽  
Le Dai Nam
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity

The natural radioactivity due to presence of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K radionuclides in Lao PDR cements was measured for first time using a gamma-spectrometry with HPGe detector. Two different types of cement produced by 4 local cement companies in Lao PDR have been investigated.  The specific radioactivity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the investigated samples ranged from 24.83 ± 1.18  to 54.39 ± 5.90  Bq kg-1 with a mean of 37.76 ± 10.71 Bq kg-1, 6.63 ± 1.59 to 21.17 ± 0.48 Bq kg-1 with a mean of 13.77 ± 5.85 Bq kg-1 and 43.28 ± 7.68 to 168.70 ± 3.34 Bq kg-1 with a mean of 116.07 ± 47.50 Bq kg-1, respectively. The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the gamma-index, the external and internal hazard indices, Absorb Dose Rate in Air (D) and Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AEDE) were estimated for the radiation hazard of the natural radioactivity in all cement samples. The obtained results were compared with the corresponding values for cement of different countries. The calculated Raeq values of Lao PDR samples are lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg-1 set fo building materials. The mean indoor absorbed dose rate is slightly lower than the population-weighted average of 84 nGy h-1 while the corresponding effective dose was 79% less than the dose ft of 1 mSv y-1. The results obtained in this study show no significant radiological hazards arising from using Lao PDR cement for construction of houses.

scholarly journals Analysing radionuclide content in soil samples and radiological risks in the clayey material surrounding of the “Zbegovi” deposit, Donje Crniljevo, Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-164
Author(s):  
Sreten Ilic ◽  
Tatjana Golubovic ◽  
Natasa Pajic ◽  
Mirjana Djurasevic ◽  
Aleksandar Kandic
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Clayey Material ◽  
The Mean

This paper presents the results of analyses of radionuclide content in the samples of the surrounding soil and clayey material of ?Zbegovi? open-pit mine in Donje Crniljevo, Serbia. Samples from 78 sites were collected and prepared. The activity concentrations were determined for radionuclides: 238U, 232Th, 40K, 226Ra, and 137Cs. The mean values obtained are as follows: 23 Bqkg?1, 89 Bqkg?1, 372 Bqkg?1, 56 Bqkg?1, and 11 Bqkg?1, respectively. Concentrations of 238U, 40K, and 226Ra in the studied area do not deviate from the values obtained for the soil in Serbia. The concentration of 232Th in the studied area is slightly higher relative to average values for soil, and slightly lower compared to similar deposits of clayey material in the world. Measurements performed showed that the open-pit mine of clayey material is completely uncontaminated surface as far as 137Cs is concerned, while there are sites where measured 137Cs concentrations are significantly higher, which is due to topographic differences and inhomogeneous surface contamination of land after the Chernobyl accident. To assess the radiological risks in the observed area, the following indices were determined: absorbed dose rate, annual outdoor effective dose, absorbed dose for biota, excess lifetime cancer risk outdoors as well as external radiation hazard index. The mean value of the estimated absorbed dose rate in the given area amounts to 80.1 nGyh?1, and the annual outdoor effective dose ranges from 46.9 to 134 Sv. Absorbed dose rate for biota in the studied area is 1.31 10?4 Gyd?1. The mean excess lifetime cancer risk outdoors for the population is 3.8 10?4, and t he mean value of the external radiation hazard index obtained in this study is 0.48, which is consistent with the world average. A low dose of radiation will not pose a risk to the population and biota in the studied area.

scholarly journals 232Th, 226Ra, and 40K activities and associated radiological hazards in building materials of Islamabad capital territory, Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Rafique
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Radiological Hazards ◽  
Radium Equivalent ◽  
The Mean

Radioactivity levels in building materials, collected from the Islamabad capital territory have been determined by using a gamma spectrometric technique. Measured specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in material samples ranged from 8 ? 1 to 116 ? 6 Bq/kg, 9 ? 1 to 152 ? ? 5 Bq/kg, and 29 ? 6 to 974 ? 23 Bq/kg, respectively. The radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose, and gamma index were evaluated from the measured amounts of radioactivity to assess the radiation hazard associated with the studied building materials. The mean radium equivalent activity, the absorbed dose rate and annual effective dose estimated ranged from 81 ? 6 to 221 ? 11 Bq/kg, 38 ? 3 to 104 ? 5 nGy/h, and 0.23 ? 0.02 to 0.64 ? 0.03 mSv, respectively. The ranges of the calculated Raeq were found to be lower than the values recommended for construction materials (370 Bq/kg). The mean values of the internal and external hazard indices were found in the range of 0.30 ? 0.02 to 0.78 ? 0.05 and 0.22 ? 0.02 to 0.60 ? 0.03, respectively. The results of the materials examined indicate no significant radiological hazards arise from using such material in building construction.

scholarly journals Natural Radioactivity Measurements and Radiation Dose Estimation in Some Sedimentary Rock Samples in Turkey

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Akkurt ◽  
K. Günoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Sedimentary Rock ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
External Hazard Index ◽  
Radium Equivalent

The natural radioactivity existed since creation of the universe due to the long life time of some radionuclides. This natural radioactivity is caused byγ-radiation originating from the uranium and thorium series and40K. In this study, the gamma radiation has been measured to determine natural radioactivity of238U,232Th, and40K in collected sedimentary rock samples in different places of Turkey. The measurements have been performed usingγ-ray spectrometer containing NaI(Tl) detector and multichannel analyser (MCA). Absorbed dose rate (D), annual effective dose (AED), radium equivalent activities (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), and internal hazard index (Hin) associated with the natural radionuclide were calculated to assess the radiation hazard of the natural radioactivity in the sedimentary rock samples. The average values of absorbed dose rate in air (D), annual effective dose (AED), radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), and internal hazard index (Hin) were calculated and these were 45.425 nGy/h, 0.056 mSv/y, 99.014 Bq/kg, 0.267, and 0.361, respectively.

scholarly journals Natural Radioactivity Levels and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in Agricultural Soils from Skopje City Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Angjeleska ◽  
Elizabeta Dimitrieska-Stojkovic ◽  
Zehra Hajrulai-Musliu ◽  
Radmila Črčeva-Nikolovska ◽  
Boško Boškovski
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
City Region ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Activity Concentrations

The aim of this study was to determine the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radioisotopes 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in 14 soil samples collected in the Skopje city surrounding, and to calculate the corresponding absorbed gamma dose rates. The radionuclides were measured applying a high purity Ge detector gamma-ray spectrometer with relative efficiency of 30 % at 1.33 MeV. The activity concentrations found in 14 soil samples varied in the range 24.1-41.9 Bq kg-1for 226Ra, 38.5-52.2 Bq kg-1 for 232Th, and 502-707 Bq kg-1 for40K. The mean radium equivalent (Raeq), for the area under investigation, was 143±16 Bq kg-1, while the outdoor radiation hazard index (Hex) was 0.39. The total absorbed dose rate due to three primordial radionuclides investigated lay in the range 55.3 - 79.0 nGy h-1 with mean value of 68.1±7.7 nGy h-1, yielding a total annual effective dose of (83.5±9.5) µSv y-1. The assessed radiological factors were lower than the recommended values, indicating low radiological health risk for the population living and working in the investigated area. The activity concentrations of radionuclides in soil samples were compared to the international values reported by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation and previous studies on geographically close areas and some worldwide regions. 

scholarly journals Radiation hazard of solid metallic tailings in Shangluo, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukai Zhuang ◽  
Xinwei Lu ◽  
Jiantao Li ◽  
Qian Li
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
World Population ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Hazard Indexes

The radiation hazards of five kinds of different solid metallic tailings collected from Shangluo, China were determined on the basis of natural radioactivity measurements using low background multichannel gamma ray spectrometry. The activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the tailings ranged from 5.1 to 204.3, 3.8 to 28.5, and 289.6 to 762.3 Bq/kg, respectively. The radium equivalent activities and the external hazard indexes of all studied metallic tailings were below the internationally accepted value of 370 Bq/kg and unity, respectively. The internal hazard index of vanadium tailings exceeded unity, while the internal hazard indexes of other analyzed metallic tailings were less than unity. The indoor air absorbed dose rate values for all studied metallic tailings except lead-zinc tailings and gold tailings were higher than the world population-weighted average of 84 nGy/h and the annual effective dose values of all metallic tailings except for vanadium tailings were lower than 1 mSv. The study showed that vanadium tailings present a radiation hazard and their usage as building materials should be restricted.

scholarly journals Natural radioactivity of rocks from the historic Jeroným Mine in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Malczewski ◽  
Maria Dziurowicz ◽  
Zdenek Kalab ◽  
Marketa Rösnerová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Activity Concentrations

AbstractThis study reports the natural radioactivity of characteristic rocks found in the historic Jeroným Mine of the Czech Republic as measured under the laboratory conditions. The rocks analyzed included granites and schists weathered to varying degrees and collected from different levels of the underground workings of the Jeroným Mine. The mine itself has been subject to metal extraction (mainly tin and tungsten) since the sixteenth century and has recently been developed as a cultural and scientific attraction open to the public. Activity concentrations of 40K, 232Th and 238U were measured from nine rock samples using gamma-ray spectrometry. The activity concentrations of 40K varied from 595 Bq kg−1 to 1244 Bq kg−1, while 232Th varied from 25 Bq kg−1 to 55 Bq kg−1. The activities associated with 238U ranged from 46 Bq kg−1 to 386 Bq kg−1. The measured activities were used to estimate two radiation hazard indices typically applied to building materials, the activity concentration index I and the external hazard index Hex. Mean respective values of 1.02 and 0.77 for I and Hex indicate that the rocks found in the Jeroným Mine meet radiological safety standards for building materials and do not pose a risk to potential tourists and staff.

NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY AND EVALUATION OF RADIATION HAZARDS IN SOILS FROM GRANITOIDE-GRANITE GEOLOGICAL FORMATION IN CUBA

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
C M Alonso-Hernández ◽  
A L Toledo-Sibello ◽  
A Guillén-Arruebarrena ◽  
R Sibello-Hernández ◽  
Y Morera-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Radiation Hazards ◽  
External Hazard Index

Abstract The natural radioactivity and the associated radiation hazards of soils from the Cumanayagua Granitoide-Granitic massif in the central south of Cuba have been studied. Mass activities of the natural radionuclides 238U, 232Th and 40K varied in the ranges 10.4–33, 4.6–21.7 and 381–1201 Bq kg−1, respectively. The radium equivalent activity (91.4 ± 22.1 Bq kg−1), absorbed dose rate (45.6 ± 11.1 nGy h−1), annual effective dose rate (56.1 ± 13.7 μSv y−1) and the external hazard index (0.25 ± 0.06) have been calculated and compared with the internationally approved values. According to these results, the area can be regarded as an area with normal natural background radiation and may not pose radiological risks to the inhabitants owing to harmful effects of ionizing radiation from the natural radionuclides in soils. This study provides background radioactivity concentrations in Cumanayagua Granitoide area and generate a baseline data for radiological mapping of Cuba in the future.

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