Auroral zone over the last 3000 years

Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate ◽

10.1051/swsc/2021030 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

RYUHO KATAOKA ◽

Shin'ya Nakano

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Auroral Zone ◽

Magnetic Storms ◽

High Latitudes ◽

Global Shape ◽

The United Kingdom

We investigated the global shape of the auroral zone over the last 3000 years using paleomagnetism CALS models. A similar method of apex latitude as proposed by Oguti (1993a; 1993b) was adopted to draw the auroral zone. The Oguti method is examined using 50-year data from ground-based magnetometers located at high latitudes, using IGRF models. The equatorward auroral limit during magnetic storms was also examined using more than 20 years data from the DMSP satellites. The reconstructed auroral zone and the equatorward auroral limit were compared with the historical auroral witness records for 1200 AD and 1800 AD. We concluded that the 12th and 18th centuries were excellent periods for Japan and the United Kingdom, respectively, to observe auroras over the last 3000 years.

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How the Saint Santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a French involvement in EISCAT

History of Geo- and Space Sciences ◽

10.5194/hgss-4-97-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 97-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Bauer ◽

A. Giraud ◽

W. Kofman ◽

M. Petit ◽

P. Waldteufel

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

The United States ◽

Auroral Zone ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Spectral Quality ◽

Ion Drift ◽

Incoherent Scatter ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Continuous Waves ◽

Scatter System

Abstract. This paper relates the development of a French incoherent scatter system which started its operations in 1965. This development took place several years after the initial implementation of such systems in the United States, in Peru and in the United Kingdom. The French system, owing to its bistatic configuration and the use of continuous waves, differed from the previous ones. These characteristics yielded signals of excellent spectral quality, unravelling the possibility of inferring physical parameters (Doppler shift, average ion mass) out of reach, at that time, of other systems. The possibility of making ion drift vector measurements led to extend the system into a quadristatic configuration. The multiple capabilities offered by the incoherent scatter technique, notably as concerns the thermodynamical properties of the ionosphere and of the thermosphere, led further the French community to a project of embarking an incoherent scatter radar on board a ship. Taking account of a project of a Scandinavian auroral zone radar and of the considerable interest of the study of auroral zone electrodynamics, the French community abandoned the idea of the ship and expressed an interest in joining the Scandinavian project in conjunction with Germany and the United Kingdom.

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