Aging of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-Infected Persons in the United States: A Multiple Cohort Model of HCV Prevalence and Disease Progression

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 513-521.e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Davis ◽  
Miriam J. Alter ◽  
Hashem El–Serag ◽  
Thierry Poynard ◽  
Linda W. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cohort Model ◽  
Hcv Prevalence

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Indigenous Populations in the United States and Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Bruce ◽  
Jonathan Eldredge ◽  
Yuridia Leyva ◽  
Jorge Mera ◽  
Kevin English ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
General Population ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
The United States ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Hcv Prevalence ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) and Canadian Indigenous people are disproportionally affected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection yet are frequently underrepresented in epidemiologic studies and surveys often used to inform public health efforts. We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished literature and summarized our findings on HCV prevalence in these Indigenous populations. We found a disparity of epidemiologic literature of HCV prevalence among AI/AN in the United States and Indigenous people in Canada. The limited data available, which date from 1995, demonstrate a wide range of HCV prevalence in AI/AN (1.49%–67.60%) and Indigenous populations (2.28%–90.24%). The highest HCV prevalence in both countries was reported in studies that either included or specifically targeted people who inject drugs. Lower prevalence was reported in studies of general Indigenous populations, although in Canada, the lowest prevalence was up to 3-fold higher in Aboriginal people compared with general population estimates. The disparity of available data on HCV prevalence and need for consistent and enhanced HCV surveillance and reporting among Indigenous people are highlighted. HCV affects Indigenous peoples to a greater degree than the general population; thus we recommend tribal and community leaders be engaged in enhanced surveillance efforts and that funds benefitting all Indigenous persons be expanded to help prevent and cover health care expenses to help stop this epidemic.

scholarly journals Modeling Combination Hepatitis C Virus Treatment and Prevention Strategies in a Network of People Who Inject Drugs in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Zelenev ◽  
Jianghong Li ◽  
Portia Shea ◽  
Robert Hecht ◽  
Frederick L Altice
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Opioid Agonist ◽  
Hcv Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment as prevention (TasP) strategies can contribute to HCV microelimination, yet complimentary interventions such as opioid agonist therapies (OAT) with methadone or buprenorphine and syringe services programs (SSPs) may improve the prevention impact. This modeling study estimates the impact of scaling up the combination of OAT and SSPs with HCV TasP in a network of people who inject drugs (PWID) in the United States. Methods Using empirical data from Hartford, Connecticut, we deployed a stochastic block model to simulate an injection network of 1574 PWID. We used a susceptible-infected model for HCV and human immunodeficiency virus to evaluate the effectiveness of several HCV TasP strategies, including in combination with OAT and SSP scale-up, over 20 years. Results At the highest HCV prevalence (75%), when OAT coverage is increased from 10% to 40%, combined with HCV treatment of 10% per year and SSP scale up to 40%, the time to achieve microelimination is reduced from 18.4 to 11.6 years. At the current HCV prevalence (60%), HCV TasP strategies as low as 10% coverage per year may achieve HCV microelimination within 10 years, with minimal impact from additional OAT scale-up. Strategies based on mass initial HCV treatment (50 per 100 PWID the first year followed by 5 per 100 PWID thereafter) were most effective in settings with HCV prevalence of 60% or lower. Conclusions Scale-up of HCV TasP is the most effective strategy for microelimination of HCV. OAT scale-up, however, scale-up may be synergistic toward achieving microelimination goals when HCV prevalence exceeds 60% and when HCV treatment coverage is 10 per 100 PWID per year or lower.

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes and Viral Concentrations in Participants of a General Population Survey in the United States

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 478-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omana V. Nainan ◽  
Miriam J. Alter ◽  
Deanna Kruszon-Moran ◽  
Feng-Xiang Gao ◽  
Guoliang Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Population Survey ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes

Testing for Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Adults Aged ≥18 in the United States, 2013-2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110472
Author(s):  
Hope King ◽  
J. E. Soh ◽  
William W. Thompson ◽  
Jessica Rogers Brown ◽  
Karina Rapposelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Hcv Testing

Objective Approximately 2.4 million people in the United States are living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The objective of our study was to describe demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, liver disease–related risk factors, and modifiable health behaviors associated with self-reported testing for HCV infection among adults. Methods Using data on adult respondents aged ≥18 from the 2013-2017 National Health Interview Survey, we summarized descriptive data on sociodemographic characteristics and liver disease–related risk factors and stratified data by educational attainment. We used weighted logistic regression to examine predictors of HCV testing. Results During the study period, 11.7% (95% CI, 11.5%-12.0%) of adults reported ever being tested for HCV infection. Testing was higher in 2017 than in 2013 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.18-1.36). Adults with ≥some college were significantly more likely to report being tested (aOR = 1.60; 95% CI, 1.52-1.69) than adults with ≤high school education. Among adults with ≤high school education (but not adults with ≥some college), those who did not have health insurance were less likely than those with private health insurance (aOR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.68-0.89) to get tested, and non–US-born adults were less likely than US-born adults to get tested (aOR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.68-0.87). Conclusions Rates of self-reported HCV testing increased from 2013 to 2017, but testing rates remained low. Demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and liver disease–related risk factors may affect HCV testing rates among adults. HCV testing must increase to achieve hepatitis C elimination targets.

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