Callus Distraction Versus Single-Stage Lengthening With Bone Graft for Treatment of Brachymetatarsia: A Systematic Review

Due to the high metabolic and physical demands in single-stage one-day ultra-trail (SOUT) races, athletes should be properly prepared in both physical and nutritional aspects in order to delay fatigue and avoid associated difficulties. However, high carbohydrate (CHO) intake would seem to increase gastrointestinal (GI) problems. The main purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate CHO intake during SOUT events as well as its relationship with fatigue (in terms of internal exercise load, exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and post-exercise recovery) and GI problems. A structured search was carried out in accordance with PRISMA guidelines in the following: Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases up to 16 March 2021. After conducting the search and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, eight articles in total were included in this systematic review, in all of which CHO intake involved gels, energy bars and sports drinks. Two studies associated higher CHO consumption (120 g/h) with an improvement in internal exercise load. Likewise, these studies observed that SOUT runners whose intake was 120 g/h could benefit by limiting the EIMD observed by CK (creatine kinase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) and GOT (aspartate aminotransferase), and also improve recovery of high intensity running capacity 24 h after a trail marathon. In six studies, athletes had GI symptoms between 65–82%. In summary, most of the runners did not meet CHO intake standard recommendations for SOUT events (90 g/h), while athletes who consumed more CHO experienced a reduction in internal exercise load, limited EIMD and improvement in post-exercise recovery. Conversely, the GI symptoms were recurrent in SOUT athletes depending on altitude, environmental conditions and running speed. Therefore, a high CHO intake during SOUT events is important to delay fatigue and avoid GI complications, and to ensure high intake, it is necessary to implement intestinal training protocols.

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Synthetic bone graft versus autograft or allograft for spinal fusion: a systematic review

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2016.1.spine151005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 509-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Zorica Buser ◽

Darrel S. Brodke ◽

Jim A. Youssef ◽

Hans-Joerg Meisel ◽

Sue Lynn Myhre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Spinal Fusion ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

Functional Outcomes ◽

Retrospective Studies ◽

Synthetic Bone ◽

Synthetic Bone Graft ◽

Bone Graft Substitutes

The purpose of this review was to compare the efficacy and safety of synthetic bone graft substitutes versus autograft or allograft for the treatment of lumbar and cervical spinal degenerative diseases. Multiple major medical reference databases were searched for studies that evaluated spinal fusion using synthetic bone graft substitutes (either alone or with an autograft or allograft) compared with autograft and allograft. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and cohort studies with more than 10 patients were included. Radiographic fusion, patient-reported outcomes, and functional outcomes were the primary outcomes of interest. The search yielded 214 citations with 27 studies that met the inclusion criteria. For the patients with lumbar spinal degenerative disease, data from 19 comparative studies were included: 3 RCTs, 12 prospective, and 4 retrospective studies. Hydroxyapatite (HA), HA+collagen, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), calcium sulfate, or polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were used. Overall, there were no differences between the treatment groups in terms of fusion, functional outcomes, or complications, except in 1 study that found higher rates of HA graft absorption. For the patients with cervical degenerative conditions, data from 8 comparative studies were included: 4 RCTs and 4 cohort studies (1 prospective and 3 retrospective studies). Synthetic grafts included HA, β-TCP/HA, PMMA, and biocompatible osteoconductive polymer (BOP). The PMMA and BOP grafts led to lower fusion rates, and PMMA, HA, and BOP had greater risks of graft fragmentation, settling, and instrumentation problems compared with iliac crest bone graft. The overall quality of evidence evaluating the potential use and superiority of the synthetic biological materials for lumbar and cervical fusion in this systematic review was low or insufficient, largely due to the high potential for bias and small sample sizes. Thus, definitive conclusions or recommendations regarding the use of these synthetic materials should be made cautiously and within the context of the limitations of the evidence.

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The Effects of Secondary Cleft Procedures on Alar Base Position and Nostril Morphology in Patients with Unilateral Clefts

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/15-158 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 431-435 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Stephanie M. Power ◽

Damir B. Matic

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Nonparametric Tests ◽

Single Stage ◽

Base Position ◽

Alar Base ◽

Alveolar Bone Grafting ◽

Tertiary Center ◽

Long Term Follow Up

Objective To compare effects of secondary cleft procedures on alar base position and nostril morphology. Design Retrospective review. Setting Multidisciplinary cleft clinic at tertiary center. Patients, Participants Seventy consecutive patients with unilateral clefts were grouped according to secondary procedure. Interventions Alveolar bone graft versus total lip takedown with anatomic muscle repair versus single-stage total lip with cleft septorhinoplasty (nose-lip) versus rhinoplasty alone. Main Outcome Measures Anthropometric measurements were recorded from pre- and postoperative photographs. Ratios of cleft to noncleft side were compared within and across groups pre- and postoperatively using parametric and nonparametric tests. Results Within the bone graft group, no differences were seen postoperatively in alar base position in long-term follow-up. The total lip group demonstrated greater symmetry at the alar base ( P < .001), increased vertical lip dimension ( P < .001), and decreased nostril height ( P = .004) postoperatively. Within the nose-lip group, increased vertical dimension and alar base support ( P < .001) were also seen postoperatively. Across groups, the single-stage nose-lip group demonstrated greatest alar base symmetry on worm's-eye view ( P < .04). Conclusions Alar base asymmetry in patients with unilateral clefts may be related to soft tissue deficiency and was not affected by alveolar bone grafting. Total lip takedown with anatomic muscle reapproximation was associated with increased alar base symmetry and vertical lip dimension on cleft to noncleft side. Greatest symmetry at the alar base was seen following single-stage nose-lip reconstruction, which may be an effective technique for correcting the secondary cleft lip nasal deformity.

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SINGLE-STAGE PROCEDURES FOR ANORECTAL MALFORMATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Journal of Pediatric Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.12.024 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Leila Hartford ◽

Giulia Brisighelli ◽

Tarryn Gabler ◽

Chris Westgarth-Taylor

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Anorectal Malformations ◽

Single Stage

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Bone Graft in the Treatment of the Non-Consolidation of the Scaphoid with Necrosis of the Proximal Pole – A Systematic Review

10.5772/intechopen.90200 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Antônio Lourenço Severo ◽

Osvandre Lech ◽

Paulo Cesar Faiad Piluski ◽

Marcelo Barreto Lemos ◽

Carlos Castillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Proximal Pole

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Spinal Biologics in Minimally Invasive Lumbar Surgery

Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽

10.1155/2018/5230350 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kevin Y. Chang ◽

Wellington K. Hsu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Minimally Invasive ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Lumbar Surgery ◽

Spinal Arthrodesis ◽

Optimal Fusion ◽

Bone Graft Substitutes ◽

Minimally Invasive Spine

As the use of minimally invasive spine (MIS) fusion approaches continues to grow, increased scrutiny is being placed on its outcomes and efficacies against traditional open fusion surgeries. While there are many factors that contribute to the success of achieving spinal arthrodesis, selecting the optimal fusion biologic remains a top priority. With an ever-expanding market of bone graft substitutes, it is important to evaluate each of their use as it pertains to MIS techniques. This review will summarize the important characteristics and properties of various spinal biologics used in minimally invasive lumbar surgeries and compare their fusion rates via a systematic review of published literature.

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