Der Verlauf des E-Zigarettenkonsums im Jugendalter: Eine Kohortenstudie über 18 Monate

Pneumologie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (07) ◽  
pp. 448-455
Author(s):  
R. Hanewinkel ◽  
B. Isensee ◽  
A.-K. Seidel ◽  
M. Goecke ◽  
M. Morgenstern
Keyword(s):  
Dual Use ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Single User ◽  
Dual User

Zusammenfassung Ziel Deskription des E-Zigarettenkonsums Jugendlicher über die Zeit. Methode 261 Jugendliche aus Nordrhein-Westfalen, die E-Zigaretten mindestens einmal monatlich konsumiert hatten (mittleres Alter: 14,9 Jahre; 33,5 % weiblich), nahmen 2017 und 2019 an einer Fragebogenstudie teil. Ergebnisse 2017 berichteten 84 Jugendliche (32,2 %) ausschließlichen E-Zigarettenkonsum (Single User), 177 Jugendliche wurden als Dual User eingestuft (67,8 %), da sie zusätzlich zur E-Zigarette ein Tabakprodukt (konventionelle Zigarette und/oder Shisha) konsumierten. Im Beobachtungs­zeitraum von 18 Monaten stellten insgesamt 83 Jugendliche (31,8 %) den Konsum von Nikotinprodukten ein. Dual User stellten den Nikotinkonsum seltener ein als Single User (N = 39 bzw. 22,0 % vs. N = 44 bzw. 52,4 %, p < 0,001). 7 Single User (8,3 %) veränderten ihr Verhalten nicht, 11 begannen ausschließlich Tabak zu konsumieren (13,1 %), weitere 22 (26,2 %) wechselten zum Dual Use. 78 Dual User (44,1 %) veränderten ihr Verhalten nicht, 57 (32,1 %) wechselten zum ausschließlichen Tabakkonsum, 3 (1,7 %) konsumierten ausschließ­lich E-Zigaretten. Zusammengenommen nutzten von den verbliebenen 178 konsumierenden Jugendlichen am Ende der Studie 10 (5,6 %) ausschließlich E-Zigaretten, während 168 (94,4 %) Tabak rauchten oder Dual Use betrieben. Schlussfolgerungen Mehr als zwei Drittel aller jugendlichen E-Zigarettenkonsumenten und über drei Viertel der Dual User konsumierte auch 18 Monate später Nikotinprodukte. Unter den verblieben Konsumenten zeigte sich ein seltenerer Verbleib oder Umstieg auf den Single Use, statt­dessen ein häufigerer reiner Tabakkonsum oder Dual Use.

scholarly journals Profile and patterns of dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes among Mexican adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Luis Zavala-Arciniega ◽  
Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez ◽  
Edna Arillo-Santillán ◽  
Katia Gallegos-Carrillo ◽  
Rosibel Rodríguez-Bolaños ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Mexican Adults ◽  
Binomial Models ◽  
Dual User

Objective. To describe the profile and patterns of dual uses (n=954) and exclusive cigarette users (n=2 070) and determine the correlates of more frequent e-cigarette use among dual users and their reasons for e-cigarette use. Materials and methods. An online survey of Mexican adult smokers. Logistic models regressed dual-use (exclusive smoking vs. dual user) on sociodemographic, smoking varia­bles and substance use behaviors. We conducted censorial binomial models to estimate the correlates of frequency of e-cigarette use among dual users. Results. Dual users were younger had higher education (AOR=2.22) and higher levels of smoking dependence (AOR=1.31), preferred cigarettes with flavor capsules (AOR=1.58) and had recently attempted to quit smoking (AOR=1.38). Marijuana use and being daily smokers were correlates of higher frequency of use among dual users. Conclusion. Dual users had a higher risk profile than exclusive smokers, which was even more prominent in dual-users who used e-cigarettes frequently.

scholarly journals Cigarette smokers’ concurrent use of smokeless tobacco: dual use patterns and nicotine exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Felicione ◽  
Jenny E Ozga-Hess ◽  
Stuart G Ferguson ◽  
Geri Dino ◽  
Summer Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Dual Versus ◽  
Single Use

BackgroundThe concurrent use of cigarettes with other tobacco products, such as smokeless tobacco (SLT), is increasingly common. Extant work with cigarette smokers who also use SLT is based heavily on retrospective reports and between-group comparisons. The purpose of this study was to assess prospectively the patterns of dual users’ product use and nicotine exposure on days when cigarettes were smoked exclusively (single use) versus concurrently with SLT (dual use).DesignForty-six dual cigarette-SLT users recorded their product use in real time via ecological momentary assessment for a 2-week longitudinal design. They responded to questions about situational factors (eg, location, mood) using this same diary, and collected saliva samples each night for later cotinine measurement. At the end of this 2-week period, users reported on their reasons for and beliefs about SLT use.ResultsCotinine levels were significantly higher on dual versus single use days (mean±SEM=374.48±41.08 ng/mL vs 300.17±28.13 ng/mL, respectively; p<0.01), and the number of cigarettes logged was higher on dual versus single use days (11.13±0.98 vs 9.13±1.11, respectively; p<0.01). Product use was distinguished by situational factors, with the strongest predictor being location of use. Moreover, the most common reason for initiating (56.52%) and continuing (67.39%) SLT use was to circumvent indoor smoking restrictions.ConclusionsResults support the idea of product supplementation rather than replacement among this convenience sample of dual users. For smokers whose primary motivation for SLT use involves situations where they would otherwise be tobacco free, the potential benefits of clean indoor air laws may be diminished.

scholarly journals Hispanics/Latinos' Cigarette and E-cigarette Use: Behavioral and Self-rated Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-110
Author(s):  
Virmarie Correa-Fernández ◽  
Niloofar Tavakoli ◽  
Marshall Motsenbocker ◽  
Hanjoe Kim
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Serious Psychological Distress ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Tobacco Cigarette ◽  
Current Tobacco ◽  
Dual User ◽  
Age And Sex

Objectives: In this paper, we examine if serious psychological distress (SPD), binge drinking, and self-rated health predict dual-use of tobacco cigarette and e-cigarette compared with no use or the use of only one product among Hispanics/Latinos (H/L). By increasing our understanding of determinants of dual-use, we can identify the most vulnerable groups and intervention targets. Methods: We used data from H/L who were current tobacco/nicotine users in the Houston Health Survey 2018 (N = 188; representing 158,369 individuals). We conducted descriptive, bi-variate, and multinomial logistic regression analyses, and moderation by age and sex. Results: H/L with SPD were more likely to be dual-users than non-users (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.97), cigarette users (OR = 1.12), or e-cigarette users (OR = 2.44). Individuals who binge drank were more likely to be dual-users than non-users (OR = 2.66) or e-cigarette users (OR = 9.30), but more likely to be cigarette users compared to dual-users (OR = 2.05). Poorer self-rated health predicted an increased likelihood of being a non-user (OR = 1.19), cigarette user (OR = 1.36), and e-cigarette user compared to a dual-user (OR = 1.04). Conclusions: Behavioral health and self-rated health are important predictors of tobacco cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual-use among H/L. These relationships differ by age and sex.

scholarly journals Design, prototyping, and evaluation of a collapsible device for single-operator sheathing of ultrasound probes

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
S. A. Lopez ◽  
L. R. Hernley ◽  
E. N. Bearrick ◽  
L. M. Tanenbaum ◽  
M. A. C. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Ultrasound ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Single Operator ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Single User ◽  
Probe Holder ◽  
Ultrasound Probes

Abstract. During interventional ultrasound-guided procedures, sterility is maintained by covering the transducer head and cord with a sterile sheath. The current sheathing technique is cumbersome, requires an assistant to complete, and poses a risk of tangling the probe cord and breaching the sterile barrier. This paper presents the design, proof-of-concept prototyping, and evaluation of a probe holder and cartridge-style, single-use applicator that enables faster, more reliable, single-user sheathing of ultrasound probes, with a decreased risk of compromising sterility.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Becoming a Current Electronic Cigarette User, Current Smoker and Current Dual User of Both Products: A Longitudinal Study among Mexican Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosibel Rodríguez-Bolaños ◽  
Edna Arillo-Santillán ◽  
Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez ◽  
Luis Zavala-Arciniega ◽  
Charity A. Ntansah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Current Smoker ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Dual User ◽  
A Current

This study aimed to assess sex differences in predictors for becoming a current exclusive electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) user, current exclusive smoker, or current dual user (concurrent smoking and e-cigarette use). This longitudinal study included 2399 females and 2177 males who had tried neither cigarettes nor e-cigarettes at baseline and attended 57 middle schools in the three largest cities in Mexico. We estimated multinomial logistic models stratified by sex. At follow-up, the prevalence of current exclusive e-cigarette use was 6.4% for males and 5.5% for females; current exclusive smoking was similar among males (3.6%) and females (3.5%); dual use was 2.4% females and 1.8% males. In the adjusted model, current e-cigarette use among females was associated with baseline current drinking (ARR = 1.85; p < 0.05), having a job (ARR = 1.99; p < 0.05), higher technophilia (ARR = 1.27; p < 0.05), and higher positive smoking expectancies (ARR = 1.39; p < 0.05). Among males, only having friends who smoke cigarettes at baseline was a significant predictor of current exclusive e-cigarette use at follow-up (ARR = 1.44; p < 0.05). For both sexes, current exclusive smoking at follow-up was associated with baseline current drinking (male ARR = 2.56; p < 0.05; female ARR = 2.31; p < 0.05) and, among males, only with having a parent who smoked (ARR = 1.64; p < 0.05). For both sexes, dual use at follow-up was associated with baseline current drinking (male ARR = 3.52; p < 0.005; female ARR = 2.77; p < 0.05); among females, with having paid work (ARR = 2.50; p < 0.001); and among males, with parental smoking (ARR = 3.20; p < 0.05). Results suggested both common and different risk factors by sex, suggesting that interventions may need to consider targeting sex differences.

DETERMINATION OF THE TYPE OF A SINGLE-USE GRENADE LAUNCHER BASED ON ITS COMPOSITE PARTS AND FRAGMENTS OF REACTIVE GRENADE FOUND AT THE PLACE OF ACCIDENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
V. V. Somov
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Outlet Section ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Size Ofthe ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Nozzle Block ◽  
Considerable Damage

In carrying out an investigation into the explosion, among others, the investigative version of the use of a single-use reactive grenade launcher is being considered. The most common for criminal explosions are applied grenade launchers RPG-18, RPG-22, RPG-26. Their use is due to a number of such properties as small size and weight, which makes it possible to transfer them covertly, the range of the shot significantly exceeding the range of the hand grenade throw, the high detonating effect of the rocket grenade explosion. The single-use rocket launchers are generally of the same design. Their differences are in the features of the components construction and dimensional characteristics, which are given in the article. On the basis of expert practice, details ofgrenade launchers that remain at the site of the explosion and have the least damage are determined. These details are the objects of investigation of the explosion technical expertise. These objects include launchers of grenade launchers and rocket parts ofjet grenades. The design features of the launchers, their dimensional characteristics and marking symbols make it possible to determine their belonging to a specific type of jet grenade launchers. Missile parts of jet grenades differ in the form of the combustion chamber of the jet engine, nozzle, in the size ofthe outlet section of the nozzle, in the form and size of the stabilizerfeathers. To determine the belonging of the rocket part of the grenade to a specific type ofjet grenade launcher, it’s necessary to establish a set of structural features and dimensional characteristics. At considerable damage of the combustion chamber of the jet engine, as a rule, the nozzle block remains intact that allows to define diameter of critical section of a nozzle, and on it to establish type of the used single-use grenade launcher.

BS-Cooperation Scheduler for a Multi-Site Single-User MIMO

2011 ◽  
Vol E94-B (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1032
Author(s):  
Shoji KANEKO ◽  
Masashi FUSHIKI ◽  
Masayuki NAKANO ◽  
Yoji KISHI
Keyword(s):  
Single User
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