Ultrastructural Changes on Clinical Isolates ofTrichophyton rubrum,Trichophyton mentagrophytes, andMicrosporum gypseumCaused bySolanum chrysotrichumSaponin SC-2

Planta Medica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (14) ◽  
pp. 1517-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar López-Villegas ◽  
Armando Herrera-Arellano ◽  
María de los Ángeles Martínez-Rivera ◽  
Laura Álvarez ◽  
Magally Cano-Nepauseno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes

scholarly journals Ultrastructural changes induced by terbinafine, a new antifungal agent, in Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

1991 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayoi NISHIYAMA ◽  
Yukiyo ASAGI ◽  
Tamio HIRATANI ◽  
Hideyo YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Naoko YAMADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agent ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes

scholarly journals In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Of Griseofulvin, Fluconazole, Itraconazole And Terbinafine Against Clinical Isolates Of Trichophyton Rubrum And Trichophyton Mentagrophytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K R Reddy ◽  
S Ram Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
National Committee ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility

Investigations on antifungal drug susceptibility were carried out on 90 clinical isolates of Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes with four antifungal drugs, namely griseofulvin, fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine as suggested by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) M27–A (1997) document by broth macrodilution method to standardize in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing and to find out the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the drugs. In this study, terbinafine was found to be the most efficient drug for all isolates. Terbinafine had the lowest MIC range of 0.001 g/ml to 0.09 g/ml and MIC50 was low at 0.005 g/ml and MIC90 was also low at 0.04 g/ml against T.rubrum; and MIC range of 0.001μg/ml to 0.19μg/ml with a MIC50 of 0.01μg/ml and MIC90 at 0.09μg/ml against T.mentagrophytes. Itraconazole showed antifungal activity superior to that of fluconazole, with a MIC range of 0.04g/ml to 1.56g/ml, with MIC50 at 0.19μg/ml and MIC90 at 1.56g/ml against T.rubrum; and MIC range of 0.04μg/ml to 1.56μg/ml, with MIC50 at 0.19μg/ml and MIC90 at 0.78μg/ml against T.mentagrophytes. Griseofulvin appears to be still a potent drug for management of dermatophytoses. Griseofulvin had a MIC range of 0.15g/ml to 5.07 g/ml with MIC50 at1.26 g/ml and MIC90 at 2.53 g/ml against T.rubrum; and MIC range of 0.31μg/ml to 5.07μg/ml with MIC50 at 1.26μg/ml and MIC90 at 2.53μg/ml against T.mentagrophytes. Fluconazole showed a high MIC range of 0.19 g/ml to 50 g/ml and MIC50 was high at 1.56g/ml and MIC90 was also high at 12.5 g/ml against T.rubrum; and a high MIC range of 0.09μg/ml to 25.0μg/ml, with MIC50 at 1.56μg/ml and MIC90 at 12.5μg/ml towards T.mentagrophytes. The technique was found to be easy to perform and reliable with consistent results.

scholarly journals Mechanism of Action of Efinaconazole, a Novel Triazole Antifungal Agent

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 2405-2409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Tatsumi ◽  
Maria Nagashima ◽  
Toshiyuki Shibanushi ◽  
Atsushi Iwata ◽  
Yumi Kangawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Antifungal Agent ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ergosterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Drug Concentrations

ABSTRACTThe mechanism of action of efinaconazole, a new triazole antifungal, was investigated withTrichophyton mentagrophytesandCandida albicans. Efinaconazole dose-dependently decreased ergosterol production and accumulated 4,4-dimethylsterols and 4α-methylsterols at concentrations below its MICs. Efinaconazole induced morphological and ultrastructural changes inT. mentagrophyteshyphae that became more prominent with increasing drug concentrations. In conclusion, the primary mechanism of action of efinaconazole is blockage of ergosterol biosynthesis, presumably through sterol 14α-demethylase inhibition, leading to secondary degenerative changes.

scholarly journals Sertaconazole Nitrate Shows Fungicidal and Fungistatic Activities against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum, Causative Agents of Tinea Pedis

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 4420-4421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso J. Carrillo-Muñoz ◽  
Cristina Tur-Tur ◽  
Delia C. Cárdenes ◽  
Dolors Estivill ◽  
Gustavo Giusiano
Keyword(s):  
Tinea Pedis ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Causative Agents

ABSTRACTThe fungistatic and fungicidal activities of sertaconazole against dermatophytes were evaluated by testing 150 clinical isolates of causative agents of tinea pedis,Trichophyton rubrum,Trichophyton mentagrophytes, andEpidermophyton floccosum. The overall geometric means for fungistatic and fungicidal activities of sertaconazole against these isolates were 0.26 and 2.26 μg/ml, respectively, although values were higher forT. mentagrophytesthan for the others. This is the first comprehensive demonstration of the fungicidal activity of sertaconazole against dermatophytes.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural Changes in Clinical and Microbiota Isolates ofKlebsiella pneumoniaeCarriers of GenesblaSHV,blaTEM,blaCTX-M, orblaKPCWhen Subject toβ-Lactam Antibiotics

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dyana Leal Veras ◽  
Ana Catarina de Souza Lopes ◽  
Grasielle Vaz da Silva ◽  
Gabriel Gazzoni Araújo Gonçalves ◽  
Catarina Fernandes de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Phenotypic Resistance ◽  
Cytoplasmic Material ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cell Alterations ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

The aim of this study was to characterize the ultrastructural effects caused byβ-lactam antibiotics inKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolates. ThreeK. pneumoniaeclinical isolates were selected for the study with resistance profiles for third-generation cephalosporins, aztreonam, and/or imipenem and with different resistance genes for extended-spectrumβ-lactamases (ESBL) orKlebsiella pneumoniaecarbapenemase (KPC). TwoK. pneumoniaeisolates obtained from the microbiota, which were both resistant to amoxicillin and ampicillin, were also analyzed. In accordance with the susceptibility profile, the clinical isolates were subjected to subminimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, and imipenem and the isolates from the microbiota to ampicillin and amoxicillin, for analysis by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy. TheK. pneumoniaeisolates showed different morphological and ultrastructural changes after subjection toβ-lactams tested at different concentrations, such as cell filamentation, loss of cytoplasmic material, and deformation of dividing septa. Our results demonstrate thatK. pneumoniaeisolates harboring different genes that encode forβ-lactamases show cell alterations when subjected to differentβ-lactam antibiotics, thus suggesting that they possess residual activityin vitro, despite the phenotypic resistance presented in the isolates analyzed.

scholarly journals Morphological Сhanges of S. Aureus Cultivated in the Presence of Antibacterial Drugs

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-49
Author(s):  
S. G. Andreevskaya ◽  
◽  
N. V. Shevlyagina ◽  
J. R. Pseunova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Material ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Growth Suppression ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
New Methods

The search for new methods for identifying the pathogen in biological material, including microscopic, remains relevant. The study of ultrastructural changes of microorganisms as a result of exposure to various groups of antibiotics is important, because the morphology of the bacterial cell varies considerably depending on the conditions of cultivation. The purpose of the study: 1. To identify the nature of changes in the ultrastructure of preserved bacterial cells of S. aureus, cultivated in the presence of antibiotics. 2. To determine the viability of that part of the population of S. aureus, which remained exposed to suppressive concentrations of antibacterial drugs. 3. To determine whether the ultrastructural changes of the reference strain S. aureus ATCC 25923 in the proposed conditions completely reflect the nature of these changes for strains isolated from clinical material. Materials and methods. Three strains of S. aureus isolated from biological material and the reference strain S. aureus ATCC 25923 were used to investigate the S. aureus ultrastructure. The analysis was carried out on the basis of data obtained using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the process of sample preparation, the technique of imprinting bacteria from agarized nutrient medium was applied. Results and conclusions. The most common feature for the strains of clinical isolates of S. aureus was the formation of a large number of bacterial cells of a specific disc-shaped form in zones of influence of bacteriostatic antibiotics. In terms of the use of bactericidal drugs, part of the population remained spherical, the other part had irregular contours. Changes in the size of bacterial cells in growth suppression zones were multidirectional. Cultivation of bacteria under conditions of exposure to suppressive concentrations of antibacterial drugs stimulated the production of exocellular matrix. The ultrastructural changes of phenotypic variability of the reference strain S. aureus ATCC 25923 did not fully correspond to changes in the morphology of the bacterial cells of the strains of clinical isolates. The viability of bacteria remaining in the zones of growth suppression has been confirmed in all cases of antibiotic exposure, except gentamicin. Thus, the study revealed the nature of changes in the ultrastructure of S. aureus as manifestations of phenotypic variability of microorganisms in response to the presence of antibacterial drugs with different mechanisms of action.

In vitro antifungal susceptibility of griseofulvin, fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine against clinical isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
KR Reddy ◽  
SR Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
National Committee ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility

Investigations on antifungal drug susceptibility were carried out on 90 clinical isolates of Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes with four antifungal drugs, namely griseofulvin, fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine as suggested by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) M27A (1997) document by broth macrodilution method to standardize in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing and to find out the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the drugs. In this study, terbinafine was found to be the most efficient drug for all isolates. Terbinafine had the lowest MIC range of 0.001 g/mlto 0.09 g/ml and MIC50 was low at 0.005 g/ml and MIC90 was also low at 0.04 g/ml against T. rubrum; and MIC range of 0.001pg/ml to 0.19pg/ml with a MIC50 of 0.01pg/ml and MIC90 at 0.09 pg/ml against T. mentagrophytes. Itraconazole showed antifungal activity superior to that of fluconazole, with a MIC range of 0.04g/ml to l.56g/ml, with MIC50 at 0.19pg/m land MIC90 at l.56g/ml against T. rubrum; and MIC range of 0.04.g/ml to 1.56pg/ml, with MIC50 at 0.19pg/ml and MIC90 at 0.78pg/ml against T. mentagrophytes. Griseofulvin appears to be still a potent drug for management of dermatophytoses. Griseofulvin had a MIC range of 0.15g/ml to 5.07 g/ml with MIC50 at l.26 g/ml and MIC90 at 2.53 g/ml against T. rubrum; and MIC range of 0.31pg/ml to 5.07pg/ml with MIC50 at 1.26pg/ml and MIC90 at 2.53pg/ml against T. mentagrophytes. Fluconazole showed a high MIC range of 0.19 g/ml to 50 g/ml and MIC50 was high at 1.56g/ml and MIC90 was also high at 12.5 g/ml against T. rubrum; and a high MIC range of 0.09pg/ml to 25.0pg/ml, with MIC50 at 1.56pg/ml and MIC90 at 12.5pg/ml towards T. mentagrophytes. The technique was found to be easy to perform and reliable with consistent results.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v1i4.9569 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2013) Vol.1 No.04: 26-28

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