Direct Conversion of Benzyl Ethers into Aryl Nitriles

Synlett ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (18) ◽  
pp. 2444-2448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Lai Ren ◽  
Jianji Wang ◽  
Xinzhe Tian ◽  
Fangping Ren ◽  
Xinqiang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Aromatic Nitriles ◽  
Organic Syntheses ◽  
Aryl Nitriles ◽  
Benzyl Ethers ◽  
Hydroxy Groups ◽  
A Direct Method

A direct method was developed for the conversion of benzyl ethers into aryl nitriles by using NH4OAc as the nitrogen source and ­oxygen as the terminal oxidant with catalysis by TEMPO/HNO3; the method is valuable for both the synthesis of aromatic nitriles and for the deprotection of ether-protected hydroxy groups to form nitrile groups in multistep organic syntheses.

scholarly journals Plastic waste to fuels by hydrocracking at mild conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. eabf8283
Author(s):  
Sibao Liu ◽  
Pavel A. Kots ◽  
Brandon C. Vance ◽  
Andrew Danielson ◽  
Dionisios G. Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Tandem Catalysis ◽  
Hy Zeolite ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Initial Activation ◽  
A Direct Method

Single-use plastics impose an enormous environmental threat, but their recycling, especially of polyolefins, has been proven challenging. We report a direct method to selectively convert polyolefins to branched, liquid fuels including diesel, jet, and gasoline-range hydrocarbons, with high yield up to 85% over Pt/WO3/ZrO2 and HY zeolite in hydrogen at temperatures as low as 225°C. The process proceeds via tandem catalysis with initial activation of the polymer primarily over Pt, with subsequent cracking over the acid sites of WO3/ZrO2 and HY zeolite, isomerization over WO3/ZrO2 sites, and hydrogenation of olefin intermediates over Pt. The process can be tuned to convert different common plastic wastes, including low- and high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, everyday polyethylene bottles and bags, and composite plastics to desirable fuels and light lubricants.

A Direct Method of Computing the GNAF of an Integer

1975 ◽  
Vol C-24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1042-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Liu ◽  
L.D. Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
A Direct Method
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