Analisa Perilaku Pushover pada Pengujian Balok Beton Bertulang

Beams are part of the building structure that is important to consider when designing the structure. Some failures that occur in beams due to beam reinforcement are not installed such as planning/ design procedures, this problem can cause structural failure. Knowing the behavior of the beam structure due to the given load can help predict the strength of the structural beam and the comfort of the planned structure. To determine and predict the strength and comfort of the reinforced concrete beam structure due to the received load, experimental and simulation tests are carried out. VecTor2 simulation is used to predict shear, crack, and displacement forces in reinforced concrete beams when displacement loads are applied. The bond stress-slip effect (0.139) has a good effect on the strength and hysterical response of reinforced concrete beams. From the results of pushover testing and simulations, it is obtained that the ratio for load capacity ranges from 1.00-1.095. In addition, the installation of 135˚ hooks on stirrups shows that the crack behavior that occurs forms an angle of 45˚, this indicates that the bond between concrete and reinforcement is going well, this can be seen from the analogous behavior principle of reinforced concrete beams.

Design Procedure Based on Maximum Efficiency for Wireless Power Transfer Battery Chargers with Lightweight Vehicle Assembly

This paper analyzes two different design procedures for a series-parallel compensated WPT battery charger, based on different definitions of the operating resonant frequency in the condition of maximum link efficiency. The behaviour of the voltage gain magnitude and the input impedance angle of the resulting WPT links is studied for different loads and coupling coefficients. The design algorithms are supported by analytical formulas derived from an exact circuit analysis of the WPT link, avoiding approximations as far as possible. To support the theoretical approach a case study is proposed, in which both design procedures are implemented considering specifications in line with the actual automotive standards. To conclude, a characterization of the efficiency in both cases is derived.

Research on the Mechanism of Public Participation in the Planning and Design of Urban Park Playground

Over the recent years, citizens in Taiwan have proposed increasingly stringent demands and standards for urban park playgrounds. Thus, this study aimed to explore and discuss mechanisms for public participation in its planning and design procedures. Furthermore, this study proposed suggestions on mechanisms for public participation in the planning and design process by analyzing public recognition in each of the four phases of public participation. Moreover, questionnaires were distributed to experts and interviews were conducted among park users to gather the appropriate data. The research result showed that participatory design could effectively improve public recognition toward urban park playgrounds and earn confidence among citizens. However, it is noteworthy that the public favors social media communications over traditional forms. On the other hand, the public shows disapproval of a ribbon-cutting ceremony. Finally, the proposed suggestions and recommendations of this study are formulated based on the research findings

Formalization of requirements for assembly of high-precision units during process design of production of multi-product machining systems

This article considers the improvement of mathematical and methodological support of the implementation of an enlarged block of design procedures of the analysis of requirements of the assembly of high-precision products of the complex of design procedures of the system of accounting requirements for the assembly in the design of manufacturing methods of machining. The proposed modernization will allow to more efficiently perform of the design dimensional analysis of a high-precision assembly unit in an automated fashion and choose rational manufacturing methods of machining of parts in the system of automated sequencing of manufacturing methods during process design of the production of multi-nomenclature machining complexes. In addition, the proposed solutions allow for the expansion of digitalization of designing preproduction and process design and the transition to intelligent production systems. The problem posed in the presented study is relevant, since the proposed solutions allow for the expansion of digitalization of designing preproduction and process design and the transition to intelligent production systems in the future.

Reducing the Dimensions of the Stochastic Programming Problems of Metallurgical Design Procedures

Process design procedures under uncertainty result in stochastic optimization problems whose resolution is complex due to the large uncertainty space, which hinders the application of optimization approaches, as well as the establishment of relationships between input and output variables. On the other hand, supervised machine learning (SML) offers tools with which to develop surrogate models, which are computationally inexpensive and efficient. This paper proposes a procedure based on modern design of experiments, deterministic optimization, SML tools, and global sensitivity analysis (GSA) to reduce the size of the uncertainty space for stochastic optimization problems. The proposal is illustrated with a case study based on the stochastic design of flotation plants. The results reveal that surrogate models of stochastic formulation enable the prediction of the structure, profitability parameters, and metallurgical parameters of designed flotation plants, as well as reducing the size of the uncertainty space via GSA and, consequently, establishing relationships between the input and output variables of the stochastic formulation.

A Design Procedure for Anchors of Floating Ocean Current Turbines on Weak Rock

In recent years, ocean current turbines have proven to be a reliable device for renewable energy generation. A crucial element of these turbines are the foundations, since they limit the displacement of the turbine, which is key in achieving efficiency in energy conversion, and can account for up to 26% of the total cost of the project. Most design procedures for foundations focus on sandy and clayey soils, but rock soils often predominate in tropical locations where marine currents are suitable for the installation of this type of turbine. This paper presents a design procedure for steel pile anchors (PAs) and concrete dead weight anchors (DWAs) on weak rock soils, using the assumptions of current technical documents and design codes commonly used in the industry for marine structures. Using specific designs for PA and DWA anchors, the procedure was theoretically assessed for a site off Cozumel Island, Mexico. The results show that the dimensions needed for DWAs are substantially larger than those for PAs. Therefore, whenever drilling is economically and operatively possible, piles would be preferable for the foundations of current turbine systems.

The Behaviour of Half-Slabs and Hollow-Core Slab in Four-Edge Supported Conditions

In this study, qualitative tests were carried out to compare the behaviour of selected slabs exposed to short- and long-term loading. Full-scale models of the half-slab and hollow-core slab with dimensions of 6.30 m × 6.30 m, built of four different precast panels, were tested. The first two were semi-precast lattice girder slabs, the third semi-precast prestressed ribbed panels, and the last was composed of hollow-core panels. A common feature was the lack of joint reinforcement and the same modular width of 600 mm. The short-term load was applied sequentially in the first stage, and displacement was measured using an electronic method. In the second stage of long-term testing, the load was mainly applied to one part of the slab. Testing under short-term and long-term load allows determining the change in the performance of panel slabs over time. The panels maintained the ability of load redistribution based on their interaction despite the work of the longitudinal joints being only through the concrete cross-section. The behaviour of slabs with concrete topping shows more significant lateral interactions than elements connected only by shear key. Comparative calculations were made based on four computational models. Comparative analysis showed that the current design procedures lead to a safe but conservative estimation of the slab behaviour.